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<p>Palud-Palù is a semi-enclosed salt marsh located on the northeastern Adriatic coast, designated as a special ornithological reserve. Its hydrology is driven by precipitation and seawater inflow through a manmade channel. This study examined how seasonal dynamics and tidal cycles influence microbial communities and regulate carbon and nutrient fluxes, ultimately leading to altered trophic conditions. Water and sediment samples were collected across seasonal and tidal phases from the marsh, connecting channel, and adjacent sea, to analyze different abiotic (temperature, salinity, pH, redox potential, oxygen, carbon, and nutrient content) and biotic parameters (chlorophyll, microbial abundance). Results revealed pronounced seasonal salinity shifts, from brackish to hypersaline, and short-term tidal fluctuations in oxygen and nutrients. Heterotrophic prokaryotes were considered good proxies for shifts in trophic status. They were highly abundant during warmer periods and low tides, accelerating organic matter remineralization and driving transitions from eutrophic to hypertrophic conditions, marked by oxygen depletion, acidification, and nutrient release. Despite high microbial biomass, elevated sediment organic content (~ 30%) indicates a mismatch between input and decomposition, potentially promoting rapid sediment infilling. These findings highlight the critical role of microbial processes in regulating trophic status and ecosystem functioning. Under projected climate change trends, such as prolonged periods of drought and increased rate of evaporation seawater intrusion due to its expected rise, would lead to hypersaline conditions, reducing habitat suitability for birds and macrofauna in Palud.</p>

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Microbial and Trophic Shifts in the Salt Marsh Palud-Palù, Adriatic Coast

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Andrea Budiša,
  • Gioconda Millotti,
  • Enis Hrustić,
  • Neven Iveša,
  • Moira Buršić,
  • Petra Burić,
  • Emina Pustijanac,
  • Ante Žunec,
  • Ines Kovačić,
  • Selma Šegulja,
  • Marin Vukušić,
  • Mirjana Najdek,
  • Kristina Pikelj,
  • Irena Ciglenečki,
  • Barbara Sladonja,
  • Paolo Paliaga

摘要

Palud-Palù is a semi-enclosed salt marsh located on the northeastern Adriatic coast, designated as a special ornithological reserve. Its hydrology is driven by precipitation and seawater inflow through a manmade channel. This study examined how seasonal dynamics and tidal cycles influence microbial communities and regulate carbon and nutrient fluxes, ultimately leading to altered trophic conditions. Water and sediment samples were collected across seasonal and tidal phases from the marsh, connecting channel, and adjacent sea, to analyze different abiotic (temperature, salinity, pH, redox potential, oxygen, carbon, and nutrient content) and biotic parameters (chlorophyll, microbial abundance). Results revealed pronounced seasonal salinity shifts, from brackish to hypersaline, and short-term tidal fluctuations in oxygen and nutrients. Heterotrophic prokaryotes were considered good proxies for shifts in trophic status. They were highly abundant during warmer periods and low tides, accelerating organic matter remineralization and driving transitions from eutrophic to hypertrophic conditions, marked by oxygen depletion, acidification, and nutrient release. Despite high microbial biomass, elevated sediment organic content (~ 30%) indicates a mismatch between input and decomposition, potentially promoting rapid sediment infilling. These findings highlight the critical role of microbial processes in regulating trophic status and ecosystem functioning. Under projected climate change trends, such as prolonged periods of drought and increased rate of evaporation seawater intrusion due to its expected rise, would lead to hypersaline conditions, reducing habitat suitability for birds and macrofauna in Palud.