A Variable-resolution Approach for KIM with a Stretched Grid
摘要
The Korean Integrated Model (KIM) is a global numerical weather prediction model that uses the spectral element method on a (quasi-) uniform-resolution cubed-sphere grid. However, to investigate high-resolution prediction performance in the domain of interest, global high-resolution experiments must be considered. These experiments incur a significant computational burden owing to the increased number of grid points and the need for temporal integration at finer time steps. To address this issue, we implemented a stretched variable-resolution grid in the KIM, based on the Schmidt transformation. This approach allows for high-resolution effects in the region of interest while using a coarser grid elsewhere. With the stretched global grid, grid sizes are seamlessly scaled between high and low resolutions.
In this study, we evaluated the forecasting accuracy and computational efficiency of the variable-resolution KIM and compared these metrics with those of the corresponding uniform-resolution KIM. In the higher-resolution target region, the forecast skill of the variable-resolution grid was similar to that of the 8-km high-resolution uniform grid and even outperformed the 25-km reference-resolution uniform grid in the KIM. Furthermore, the variable-resolution configuration offers a significant improvement in computational efficiency, reducing the total 3-day forecast run time by approximately 88% compared with that of the high-resolution configuration with a uniform grid.