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<p>This study identifies and addresses the unique challenges and opportunities of Industry 4.0 adoption in Cambodia, an emerging market with an underexplored potential for technological advancement and transition towards a knowledge economy. Unlike prior studies, this research extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating novel constructs—Perceived Trust (PT), Expected Benefits (EB), and Perceived Risk (PR)—to comprehensively investigate adoption intentions for Industry 4.0 technologies in developing economies. This extended model serves as a tool for analyzing technology’s role in knowledge-based development. This study uses a robust quantitative methodology to examine the relationships between Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), PT, EB, and PR and their influence on attitudes and intentions toward these technologies. Key findings reveal that PU and EB significantly drive positive adoption attitudes, whereas PEU negatively correlates with adoption, suggesting that Cambodian firms perceive ease of use as an indicator of reduced robustness. PT emerges as a dual factor that positively influences attitudes but negatively affects adoption intentions unless coupled with organizational readiness. PR is a critical moderator, especially in contexts of low technological literacy and underdeveloped digital infrastructure. This study’s contributions lie in advancing theoretical understanding by integrating trust and risk perceptions into the TAM and providing actionable insights for policymakers and industry leaders. This underscores the necessity of tailored strategies, including robust innovation policy and digital transformation initiatives, to address infrastructure deficits, workforce–skill gaps, and cultural barriers, enabling Cambodia to unlock the transformative potential of Industry 4.0. These findings have significant implications for emerging markets globally, paving the way for informed policymaking and strategic interventions to drive inclusive technological and knowledge-based growth. The insights from this study can be applied to other emerging markets, providing a roadmap for successful Industry 4.0 adoption and growth.</p>

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Harnessing Industry 4.0 in Emerging Markets: An In-Depth Analysis of Technological Uptake in Cambodia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Soyorn Mam,
  • Bora Ly,
  • Romny Ly

摘要

This study identifies and addresses the unique challenges and opportunities of Industry 4.0 adoption in Cambodia, an emerging market with an underexplored potential for technological advancement and transition towards a knowledge economy. Unlike prior studies, this research extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating novel constructs—Perceived Trust (PT), Expected Benefits (EB), and Perceived Risk (PR)—to comprehensively investigate adoption intentions for Industry 4.0 technologies in developing economies. This extended model serves as a tool for analyzing technology’s role in knowledge-based development. This study uses a robust quantitative methodology to examine the relationships between Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), PT, EB, and PR and their influence on attitudes and intentions toward these technologies. Key findings reveal that PU and EB significantly drive positive adoption attitudes, whereas PEU negatively correlates with adoption, suggesting that Cambodian firms perceive ease of use as an indicator of reduced robustness. PT emerges as a dual factor that positively influences attitudes but negatively affects adoption intentions unless coupled with organizational readiness. PR is a critical moderator, especially in contexts of low technological literacy and underdeveloped digital infrastructure. This study’s contributions lie in advancing theoretical understanding by integrating trust and risk perceptions into the TAM and providing actionable insights for policymakers and industry leaders. This underscores the necessity of tailored strategies, including robust innovation policy and digital transformation initiatives, to address infrastructure deficits, workforce–skill gaps, and cultural barriers, enabling Cambodia to unlock the transformative potential of Industry 4.0. These findings have significant implications for emerging markets globally, paving the way for informed policymaking and strategic interventions to drive inclusive technological and knowledge-based growth. The insights from this study can be applied to other emerging markets, providing a roadmap for successful Industry 4.0 adoption and growth.