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<p>In China, the northernmost distribution area of the invasive species <i>Spartina alterniflora</i> is found in the city of Tangshan, Hebei Province. To understand its expansion mechanisms and ecological impacts in Tangshan, this study investigated the expansion dynamics of <i>S. alterniflora</i> and its impacts on the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of plants and soil based on multi-source remote sensing data, a random forest classification model, and the Google Earth Engine platform data combined with field investigations. The results show that <i>S. alterniflora</i> in Tangshan exhibited a trend of rapid expansion from 2010 to 2023 at a rate of 7.85 hm<sup>2</sup>/a. Furthermore, the rate of expansion in Tangshan was notably faster when compared with those reported in other regions in China. Rapid expansion was primarily influenced by the accelerated sedimentation occurring on the tidal flats against the backdrop of large-scale reclamation. Field data revealed positive correlations between the colonization age of <i>S. alterniflora</i> and stem width as well as the total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in soil; conversely, colonization age demonstrated an inverse relationship with the soil grain size. Notably, compared with <i>S. alterniflora</i> in mid-latitude regions, <i>S. alterniflora</i> in Tangshan exhibited increased stem and leaf TN content, as well as elevated soil TOC and TN levels; however, the finding revealed lower aboveground biomass and total carbon content within plants in Tangshan than has been reported in other regions. The findings from Tangshan are similar to those reported for low-latitude areas. This study offers valuable insights into coastal wetland management under future scenarios with the northward expansion of <i>S. alterniflora</i>.</p>

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Expansion of Spartina alterniflora at its northernmost distribution limit in China and its impacts on wetland carbon and nitrogen

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Lin Cheng,
  • Xihan Liu,
  • Xiang Gao,
  • Henan Meng,
  • Leigang Sun,
  • Wenxin Zhu,
  • Yue Gao,
  • Dengpan Xiao

摘要

In China, the northernmost distribution area of the invasive species Spartina alterniflora is found in the city of Tangshan, Hebei Province. To understand its expansion mechanisms and ecological impacts in Tangshan, this study investigated the expansion dynamics of S. alterniflora and its impacts on the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of plants and soil based on multi-source remote sensing data, a random forest classification model, and the Google Earth Engine platform data combined with field investigations. The results show that S. alterniflora in Tangshan exhibited a trend of rapid expansion from 2010 to 2023 at a rate of 7.85 hm2/a. Furthermore, the rate of expansion in Tangshan was notably faster when compared with those reported in other regions in China. Rapid expansion was primarily influenced by the accelerated sedimentation occurring on the tidal flats against the backdrop of large-scale reclamation. Field data revealed positive correlations between the colonization age of S. alterniflora and stem width as well as the total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in soil; conversely, colonization age demonstrated an inverse relationship with the soil grain size. Notably, compared with S. alterniflora in mid-latitude regions, S. alterniflora in Tangshan exhibited increased stem and leaf TN content, as well as elevated soil TOC and TN levels; however, the finding revealed lower aboveground biomass and total carbon content within plants in Tangshan than has been reported in other regions. The findings from Tangshan are similar to those reported for low-latitude areas. This study offers valuable insights into coastal wetland management under future scenarios with the northward expansion of S. alterniflora.