Dynamics and energetics of semidiurnal internal tides in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence
摘要
We use a high-resolution numerical simulation to analyze the generation and evolution of semidiurnal internal tides in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence. Our results indicate that two ridges near the Antarctic Peninsula, the South Scotia Ridge (SSR) and the Philip Ridge (PR), are energetic sources of semidiurnal internal tides. The strongest semidiurnal barotropic to baroclinic energy conversion occurs around the crest of the SSR, reaching 0.3 W/m2. The depth-integrated, tidally averaged semidiurnal internal tide energy fluxes that radiated from the SSR reach about 2 kW/m. The northward semidiurnal internal tide energy fluxes entering the Scotia Sea are stronger than the southward energy fluxes entering the Powell Basin. For the SSR region between the South Orkney Plateau and Elephant Island, the area-integrated barotropic to baroclinic conversion rate is 0.71 GW, of which 0.56 GW (79%) dissipates locally. The dissipation of internal tides occurs mainly in water depths of less than 1 000 m. The dissipation rate over the SSR is as high as 10−7 W/kg. The energy fluxes create an anticlockwise gyre between the SSR and PR. The horizontal kinetic energy and available potential energy oscillate sinusoidally with peaks occurring at quarter-wavelength intervals. This energy pattern suggests the formation of standing waves due to interference between the semidiurnal internal tides originating from the SSR and PR. The results of this study show that internal tides and related mixing need to be considered in the analysis of water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean.