<p>Arctic sea ice is an essential component of the climate system and plays an important role in global climate change. This study calculates the volume flux through Fram Strait (FS) and the sea ice volume in the Greenland Sea (GS) from 1979 to 2022, and analyzes trends before and after 2000. In addition, the contributions of advection and local processes to sea ice volume variations in the GS during different seasons are compared. The influence of the surface air temperature (SAT) and the sea surface temperature (SST) on sea ice volume variations is discussed, as well as the impact of atmospheric circulation on sea ice. Results indicate no significant trend in the sea ice volume flux through FS from 1979 to 2022. However, the sea ice volume in the GS exhibited a notable decreasing trend. Compared with the period of 1979–2000, the sea ice volume decreasing trend accelerated significantly during the period of 2001–2022. During winter, ice advection from the central Arctic Ocean exert a strong influence on the sea ice volume variations in the GS, whereas during summer, local processes, including the interactions with the atmosphere and ocean, as well as the dynamic process of sea ice itself, exert a considerable impact. The sea ice volume in the GS declined rapidly after 2000. Furthermore, the effects of local processes on sea ice have intensified, with the SST exerting a stronger influence on the sea ice volume variations in the GS than the SAT. The positive Arctic oscillation and dipole anomaly are important drivers for the transport of Arctic sea ice to the GS. The Winter North Atlantic oscillation intensifies ocean heat content, affecting sea ice in the GS.</p>