<p>The increasing sophistication of cyberattacks necessitates adaptive and analytically robust mechanisms for cybersecurity strategy selection, a task that naturally constitutes a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problem under uncertainty. To effectively capture the imprecision inherent in expert evaluations, this study employs the interval-valued (p,q)-rung orthopair fuzzy (IVpq-RF) framework, which provides greater representational flexibility than conventional interval-valued (q)-rung orthopair fuzzy sets. Within this setting, we construct generalized Dombi operational laws for IVpq-RF numbers and, on this basis, formulate novel aggregation operators, including the IVpq-RF generalized Dombi weighted average (IVpq-RFGDWA) and IVpq-RF generalized Dombi weighted geometric (IVpq-RFGDWG) operators, together with their ordered-weighted extensions. The theoretical properties and limiting cases of these operators are rigorously examined, enabling the development of a comprehensive MCGDM model for structured decision-making under uncertainty. A real-world case study on cybersecurity strategy evaluation demonstrates the practical utility of the proposed approach, while comparative and sensitivity analyses confirm its effectiveness, stability, and robustness in identifying optimal solutions within complex and uncertain environments.</p>

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Analysis of generalized Dombi aggregation operators under interval-valued p,q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets with application to cybersecurity strategy selection

  • Jawad Ali

摘要

The increasing sophistication of cyberattacks necessitates adaptive and analytically robust mechanisms for cybersecurity strategy selection, a task that naturally constitutes a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problem under uncertainty. To effectively capture the imprecision inherent in expert evaluations, this study employs the interval-valued (p,q)-rung orthopair fuzzy (IVpq-RF) framework, which provides greater representational flexibility than conventional interval-valued (q)-rung orthopair fuzzy sets. Within this setting, we construct generalized Dombi operational laws for IVpq-RF numbers and, on this basis, formulate novel aggregation operators, including the IVpq-RF generalized Dombi weighted average (IVpq-RFGDWA) and IVpq-RF generalized Dombi weighted geometric (IVpq-RFGDWG) operators, together with their ordered-weighted extensions. The theoretical properties and limiting cases of these operators are rigorously examined, enabling the development of a comprehensive MCGDM model for structured decision-making under uncertainty. A real-world case study on cybersecurity strategy evaluation demonstrates the practical utility of the proposed approach, while comparative and sensitivity analyses confirm its effectiveness, stability, and robustness in identifying optimal solutions within complex and uncertain environments.