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<p>Water scarcity often restricts normal growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and redox stability in groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.). This study evaluated the response of cultivar TAG 24 to paclobutrazol (PBZ), a triazole-based growth regulator, under contrasting water regimes in pot culture. PBZ was applied at varying concentrations of 6, 10, 14, and 18&#xa0;ppm, along with an untreated control, to study its potential in mitigating the adverse effect of water stress. The findings elucidated adaptive biomass allocation and effective water-use efficiency through a proliferated root-to-shoot ratio and reduced foliar area. Alterations in cellular structures, including greater cortical thickness and wider xylem vessel, indicated improved vascular conductance. Moderate PBZ concentrations maintained optimal levels of pigments, implying sustained photosynthetic capability under stress. In addition, PBZ-induced increment in activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD) and elevated ABTS, FRAP values supported a robust reactive oxygen species (ROS) neutralizing potential, while increased proline accumulation and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels reflected less cellular damage and better osmotic regulation. Overall, confined application of PBZ (10–14&#xa0;ppm) elicited coordinated morphological, anatomical, and biochemical remodeling in groundnut plants, endorsing the strategic use of PBZ under drought conditions.</p>

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Paclobutrazol-induced modulation of growth, anatomy, and antioxidant activity in groundnut under contrasting water regimes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Srijan Samanta,
  • Sanjoy Kumar Bordolui

摘要

Water scarcity often restricts normal growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and redox stability in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). This study evaluated the response of cultivar TAG 24 to paclobutrazol (PBZ), a triazole-based growth regulator, under contrasting water regimes in pot culture. PBZ was applied at varying concentrations of 6, 10, 14, and 18 ppm, along with an untreated control, to study its potential in mitigating the adverse effect of water stress. The findings elucidated adaptive biomass allocation and effective water-use efficiency through a proliferated root-to-shoot ratio and reduced foliar area. Alterations in cellular structures, including greater cortical thickness and wider xylem vessel, indicated improved vascular conductance. Moderate PBZ concentrations maintained optimal levels of pigments, implying sustained photosynthetic capability under stress. In addition, PBZ-induced increment in activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD) and elevated ABTS, FRAP values supported a robust reactive oxygen species (ROS) neutralizing potential, while increased proline accumulation and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels reflected less cellular damage and better osmotic regulation. Overall, confined application of PBZ (10–14 ppm) elicited coordinated morphological, anatomical, and biochemical remodeling in groundnut plants, endorsing the strategic use of PBZ under drought conditions.