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<p>By 2050, a significant portion of the global population is expected to face food shortages, necessitating innovative solutions to ensure food security. In this context, we assessed the potential of diverse elite rice germplasm to address these challenges. Our evaluation included 10 released varieties and 9 improved breeding lines developed by CSK HPKV University, along with 11 traditional landraces collected from various locations in Himachal Pradesh, India. These landraces were compared with released varieties from CSKHPKV University, HP. We used both morphological and molecular markers to assess the germplasm diversity. DUS characterization revealed significant variation in most morphological traits, except for 100-seed weight and grain width. High heritability suggested genetic control over these variations. Molecular analysis using 48 SSR markers showed high gene diversity (average 0.77) and PIC values (average 0.74), with RM22073 and RM8120 identified as informative markers. Clustering analysis grouped landraces separately from released varieties, indicating greater diversity among the landraces. Four farmer varieties–Saliadhan, Chohartu, Karad, and Sukara–displayed particularly promising characteristics. Our study demonstrates significant genetic diversity among landraces, suggesting their potential for cultivation in Himachal Pradesh. This research offers valuable insights for accelerating agricultural adaptation, enhancing regional sustainability, and increasing food security.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Characterization of unique Himalayan rice germplasm: DUS evaluation, morphological profiling, and molecular fingerprinting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Vinaykumar Rachappanavar,
  • Jatinder Kumar Sharma,
  • Manish Kumar Sharma

摘要

By 2050, a significant portion of the global population is expected to face food shortages, necessitating innovative solutions to ensure food security. In this context, we assessed the potential of diverse elite rice germplasm to address these challenges. Our evaluation included 10 released varieties and 9 improved breeding lines developed by CSK HPKV University, along with 11 traditional landraces collected from various locations in Himachal Pradesh, India. These landraces were compared with released varieties from CSKHPKV University, HP. We used both morphological and molecular markers to assess the germplasm diversity. DUS characterization revealed significant variation in most morphological traits, except for 100-seed weight and grain width. High heritability suggested genetic control over these variations. Molecular analysis using 48 SSR markers showed high gene diversity (average 0.77) and PIC values (average 0.74), with RM22073 and RM8120 identified as informative markers. Clustering analysis grouped landraces separately from released varieties, indicating greater diversity among the landraces. Four farmer varieties–Saliadhan, Chohartu, Karad, and Sukara–displayed particularly promising characteristics. Our study demonstrates significant genetic diversity among landraces, suggesting their potential for cultivation in Himachal Pradesh. This research offers valuable insights for accelerating agricultural adaptation, enhancing regional sustainability, and increasing food security.

Graphical abstract