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<p>Productivity of chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) necessitates substantial improvement to meet the increasing global demand to mitigate portentous-food sacristy. A comprehensive study was conducted at LPU, (31° 19′ 32″ N, 75° 34′ 45″ E) during the Rabi seasons of 2022–2024 to address this challenge which concern with chickpea’s productivity, aimed to identify heterotic cross combinations to improve yield and related traits. Among 36 cross combinations analyzed, heterosis over better parents ranged from 26.08% in IPC-2002-98 × GNG-1581 to 11.77% in IPC-2004-98 × Vaibhav, with IPC-2004-98 × Vaibhav displaying significant positive heterosis. For standard checks, heterosis ranged from 32.47% for IPC-2004-98 × GNG-1581 to 10.60% for GNG-1958 × NBEG-1, with latter also exhibiting significant positive heterosis. The analysis of genetic combining ability (GCA) indicated that line ICCC-4 (0.78), line GNG-1958 (1.95), and tester NBEG-1 (1.24) demonstrated strong general combining ability for seed yield per plant. The effects of specific combining ability were essentially significant for several key traits. Crosses such as GNG-663 × PC-15, BG-3043 × NBEG-1, and GNG-1958 × NBEG-1 showed notable SCA effects for traits including days to 50% flowering (DFF), number of pods per plant (NPPP), seed yield (SYP), 100-seed weight (TSW), biological yield (BY), and harvest index (HI). Of the 13 parents evaluated, testers GNG-1581, NBEG-1, and Vaibhav emerged as the most promising for yield-related attributes. The cross GNG-1958 × NBEG-1 exhibited superior heterotic performance, achieving the highest yield per plant, substantial GCA for both parents, favorable SCA effects, and standard heterosis. Non-additive gene action predominance underscores the potential of heterosis exploitation in chickpea breeding programs, offering a viable strategy to enhance yield and agronomic performance.</p>

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Heterosis and combining ability for yield and related traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月5日

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  • Satya Prakash,
  • Kalapa Swarna Latha,
  • Adesh Kumar,
  • Suhel Mehandi,
  • Sudhir Kumar Upadhyay

摘要

Productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) necessitates substantial improvement to meet the increasing global demand to mitigate portentous-food sacristy. A comprehensive study was conducted at LPU, (31° 19′ 32″ N, 75° 34′ 45″ E) during the Rabi seasons of 2022–2024 to address this challenge which concern with chickpea’s productivity, aimed to identify heterotic cross combinations to improve yield and related traits. Among 36 cross combinations analyzed, heterosis over better parents ranged from 26.08% in IPC-2002-98 × GNG-1581 to 11.77% in IPC-2004-98 × Vaibhav, with IPC-2004-98 × Vaibhav displaying significant positive heterosis. For standard checks, heterosis ranged from 32.47% for IPC-2004-98 × GNG-1581 to 10.60% for GNG-1958 × NBEG-1, with latter also exhibiting significant positive heterosis. The analysis of genetic combining ability (GCA) indicated that line ICCC-4 (0.78), line GNG-1958 (1.95), and tester NBEG-1 (1.24) demonstrated strong general combining ability for seed yield per plant. The effects of specific combining ability were essentially significant for several key traits. Crosses such as GNG-663 × PC-15, BG-3043 × NBEG-1, and GNG-1958 × NBEG-1 showed notable SCA effects for traits including days to 50% flowering (DFF), number of pods per plant (NPPP), seed yield (SYP), 100-seed weight (TSW), biological yield (BY), and harvest index (HI). Of the 13 parents evaluated, testers GNG-1581, NBEG-1, and Vaibhav emerged as the most promising for yield-related attributes. The cross GNG-1958 × NBEG-1 exhibited superior heterotic performance, achieving the highest yield per plant, substantial GCA for both parents, favorable SCA effects, and standard heterosis. Non-additive gene action predominance underscores the potential of heterosis exploitation in chickpea breeding programs, offering a viable strategy to enhance yield and agronomic performance.