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<p>Knee osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis) is one of the most common causes of chronic pain and functional limitations in older people. Modern understanding of the disease no longer describes it exclusively as a&#xa0;degenerative wear-and-tear condition, but rather as a&#xa0;complex interplay of mechanical and inflammatory processes. In particular, synovial inflammation with pathological neoangiogenesis and accompanying nerve invasion is now considered a&#xa0;key driver of chronic pain. Against this background, genicular artery embolisation (GAE) is becoming increasingly important as a&#xa0;minimally invasive, interventional radiological treatment approach. GAE aims to selectively devascularise pathologically hyperaemic synovial areas without impairing physiological joint supply. By reducing the influx of proinflammatory mediators and interrupting neurovascular structures, significant and lasting pain relief can be achieved. The success of treatment depends largely on careful patient selection. Patients with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence grade&#xa0;I–III) and proven benefit particularly from this treatment. GAE thus closes a&#xa0;therapeutic gap between conservative treatment and arthroplasty. Current studies indicate that the procedure does not negatively affect subsequent knee arthroplasty and can therefore also be used as a&#xa0;‘bridge to surgery’. Future randomised studies and the further development of imaging and biomarker-based predictors will further clarify the importance of GAE in the treatment algorithm for knee osteoarthritis.</p>

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Kniegelenkarterien-Embolisation (GAE)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Nikolaos Schörghofer,
  • Klaus Hergan,
  • Klaus Hausegger,
  • Christoph Knapitsch

摘要

Knee osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis) is one of the most common causes of chronic pain and functional limitations in older people. Modern understanding of the disease no longer describes it exclusively as a degenerative wear-and-tear condition, but rather as a complex interplay of mechanical and inflammatory processes. In particular, synovial inflammation with pathological neoangiogenesis and accompanying nerve invasion is now considered a key driver of chronic pain. Against this background, genicular artery embolisation (GAE) is becoming increasingly important as a minimally invasive, interventional radiological treatment approach. GAE aims to selectively devascularise pathologically hyperaemic synovial areas without impairing physiological joint supply. By reducing the influx of proinflammatory mediators and interrupting neurovascular structures, significant and lasting pain relief can be achieved. The success of treatment depends largely on careful patient selection. Patients with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence grade I–III) and proven benefit particularly from this treatment. GAE thus closes a therapeutic gap between conservative treatment and arthroplasty. Current studies indicate that the procedure does not negatively affect subsequent knee arthroplasty and can therefore also be used as a ‘bridge to surgery’. Future randomised studies and the further development of imaging and biomarker-based predictors will further clarify the importance of GAE in the treatment algorithm for knee osteoarthritis.