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<p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) is emerging as a vital tool for understanding climate-driven range shifts in cold-water fish species. As climatic changes continue to affect aquatic ecosystems, traditional monitoring approaches have generated critical ecological insights but are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and spatially constrained, particularly across large or remote landscapes. The application of eDNA methodologies enables researchers to effectively capture genetic material shed by organisms into their environments, providing information related to the biodiversity and species composition without the need for direct observation or capture. While eDNA metabarcoding can deliver valuable information about relative species abundance, it cannot accurately make precise inferences on fish abundance or biomass due to factors such as specific metabolism rates. Moreover, advancements in DNA barcoding techniques enhance the identification of species, thus facilitating biodiversity assessments and conservation efforts, particularly in evaluating fish biodiversity and managing fisheries. Methodologically, the integration of eDNA analysis within existing conservation frameworks holds significant promise. Current research advocates for hybrid approaches that incorporate eDNA data to inform management strategies, such as habitat protection and restoration in freshwater ecosystems. The utility of eDNA for continuous long-term monitoring enables the assessment of temporal dynamics and responses of fish populations to environmental variables, including temperature and water flow. Additionally, establishing genetic databases is essential for enhancing the reliability of eDNA applications, particularly in under-researched regions. However, gaps in existing DNA barcode libraries present challenges for operational use, emphasizing the need for comprehensive data collection efforts. As climate change continues to reshape aquatic habitats, utilizing eDNA offers a proactive approach to conservation, providing essential data to inform policies and prioritize species management strategies as they confront shifting ecological landscapes.</p>

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Environmental DNA as a sentinel for climate-driven range shifts in cold-water fish: methodologies, applications, and conservation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Syed Talia Mushtaq,
  • Ishrat Mohd,
  • Syed Aalia Mushtaq,
  • Tasaduq Hussain Shah

摘要

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is emerging as a vital tool for understanding climate-driven range shifts in cold-water fish species. As climatic changes continue to affect aquatic ecosystems, traditional monitoring approaches have generated critical ecological insights but are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and spatially constrained, particularly across large or remote landscapes. The application of eDNA methodologies enables researchers to effectively capture genetic material shed by organisms into their environments, providing information related to the biodiversity and species composition without the need for direct observation or capture. While eDNA metabarcoding can deliver valuable information about relative species abundance, it cannot accurately make precise inferences on fish abundance or biomass due to factors such as specific metabolism rates. Moreover, advancements in DNA barcoding techniques enhance the identification of species, thus facilitating biodiversity assessments and conservation efforts, particularly in evaluating fish biodiversity and managing fisheries. Methodologically, the integration of eDNA analysis within existing conservation frameworks holds significant promise. Current research advocates for hybrid approaches that incorporate eDNA data to inform management strategies, such as habitat protection and restoration in freshwater ecosystems. The utility of eDNA for continuous long-term monitoring enables the assessment of temporal dynamics and responses of fish populations to environmental variables, including temperature and water flow. Additionally, establishing genetic databases is essential for enhancing the reliability of eDNA applications, particularly in under-researched regions. However, gaps in existing DNA barcode libraries present challenges for operational use, emphasizing the need for comprehensive data collection efforts. As climate change continues to reshape aquatic habitats, utilizing eDNA offers a proactive approach to conservation, providing essential data to inform policies and prioritize species management strategies as they confront shifting ecological landscapes.