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<p>The search for sustainable alternatives in agricultural seedling production has encouraged the development of innovative substrates with lower environmental impact and enhanced functionality. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of hydrogels formulated from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) extracted from waste kraft paper tubes, subjected to different chemical pre-treatments (NaOH, bleaching, calcium silicate, and magnesium silicate), on the in vitro germination and early development of <i>Coffea arabica</i>. The hydrogels were characterized in terms of pH, morphology, and viscoelastic behavior, allowing correlations between their structural and mechanical properties and agronomic performance. Rheological analyses demonstrated that hydrogels containing magnesium silicate and calcium silicate exhibited higher initial stiffness (higher G′), a wider linear viscoelastic region, and lower thermal hysteresis, indicating more stable structures with improved capacity for controlled deformation during germination. These attributes favored root penetration and resulted in improved physiological performance of the seedlings. The magnesium silicate hydrogel promoted the highest germination percentage (83%), whereas calcium silicate provided greater shoot and root development, with performance comparable to agar-gelled culture medium. Treatments with NaOH and bleached CNFs showed structural and rheological limitations, reflected in reduced germination and growth. The developed hydrogels represent a sustainable strategy for valorizing cellulose industry residues, whose large-scale global production generates significant environmental, economic, and social impacts. By converting high-volume industrial waste into value-added biomaterials, this approach supports circular bioeconomy principles and promotes more sustainable resource management.</p>

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Performance of Paper Waste–Derived Nanocellulosic Hydrogels as New Eco-Friendly Alternatives for In Vitro Germination and Early Growth of Coffea arabica

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Evelize Aparecida Amaral Shashiki,
  • Rafael Carvalho do Lago,
  • Cínthia Aparecida Silva,
  • Júlia Naves Teixeira,
  • Douglas Machado Leite,
  • André Tetsuo Shashiki,
  • Gilvano Ebling Brondani,
  • Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli,
  • Lourival Marin Mendes

摘要

The search for sustainable alternatives in agricultural seedling production has encouraged the development of innovative substrates with lower environmental impact and enhanced functionality. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of hydrogels formulated from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) extracted from waste kraft paper tubes, subjected to different chemical pre-treatments (NaOH, bleaching, calcium silicate, and magnesium silicate), on the in vitro germination and early development of Coffea arabica. The hydrogels were characterized in terms of pH, morphology, and viscoelastic behavior, allowing correlations between their structural and mechanical properties and agronomic performance. Rheological analyses demonstrated that hydrogels containing magnesium silicate and calcium silicate exhibited higher initial stiffness (higher G′), a wider linear viscoelastic region, and lower thermal hysteresis, indicating more stable structures with improved capacity for controlled deformation during germination. These attributes favored root penetration and resulted in improved physiological performance of the seedlings. The magnesium silicate hydrogel promoted the highest germination percentage (83%), whereas calcium silicate provided greater shoot and root development, with performance comparable to agar-gelled culture medium. Treatments with NaOH and bleached CNFs showed structural and rheological limitations, reflected in reduced germination and growth. The developed hydrogels represent a sustainable strategy for valorizing cellulose industry residues, whose large-scale global production generates significant environmental, economic, and social impacts. By converting high-volume industrial waste into value-added biomaterials, this approach supports circular bioeconomy principles and promotes more sustainable resource management.