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<p>The aim of the study is to develop a novel nanocomposite, GG-CMC@PIP, for reversing hepatic damage when tested in Swiss albino mice caused by a paracetamol overdose. The nanocomposite, a nanoscale matrix of guar gum-carboxymethyl cellulose polymer encapsulating piperine, was characterized by an average size of (25 ± 3) nm, low poly dispersity index (PDI) value (0.291) and a zeta potential of (−) 33.10 ± 0.73 mV. High entrapment efficiency of piperine (86 ± 0.46%) within the nanocomposite was observed. Oral administration of the GG-CMC@PIP nanocomposite (1&#xa0;mg/kg body weight) to paracetamol-intoxicated mice significantly reversed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) liver health which is comparable to the known hepatoprotective drug silymarin. The nanocomposite reduced elevated serum levels of liver markers indicating hepatic damage, such as bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Histopathological analysis showed improvement in hepatic necrosis in treated groups. The GG-CMC@PIP nanocomposite also boosted levels of protective antioxidant enzymes (CAT, and SOD) while reducing MDA level, demonstrating efficacy through combating oxidative stress. Treated animals showed better recovery in biochemical and antioxidant parameters compared to mice treated with bulk piperine. The polymer composite (GG-CMC) without piperine did not exert significant changes in the hematological parameters or antioxidant response of paracetamol-treated mice. This confirms inert nature of bare polymer composite (GG-CMC) and the therapeutic effects were due to the nanonized piperine.</p>

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An In-Vivo Evaluation on the Ameliorative Efficacy of Piperine Incorporated Biopolymeric Nanocomposite Against Paracetamol-induced Liver Damage in Mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Sanghita Das,
  • Satarupa Bhattacherjee,
  • Debojyoti De,
  • Debbethi Bera,
  • Parimal Karmakar,
  • Sukhen Das,
  • Anindita Dey

摘要

The aim of the study is to develop a novel nanocomposite, GG-CMC@PIP, for reversing hepatic damage when tested in Swiss albino mice caused by a paracetamol overdose. The nanocomposite, a nanoscale matrix of guar gum-carboxymethyl cellulose polymer encapsulating piperine, was characterized by an average size of (25 ± 3) nm, low poly dispersity index (PDI) value (0.291) and a zeta potential of (−) 33.10 ± 0.73 mV. High entrapment efficiency of piperine (86 ± 0.46%) within the nanocomposite was observed. Oral administration of the GG-CMC@PIP nanocomposite (1 mg/kg body weight) to paracetamol-intoxicated mice significantly reversed (p < 0.05) liver health which is comparable to the known hepatoprotective drug silymarin. The nanocomposite reduced elevated serum levels of liver markers indicating hepatic damage, such as bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Histopathological analysis showed improvement in hepatic necrosis in treated groups. The GG-CMC@PIP nanocomposite also boosted levels of protective antioxidant enzymes (CAT, and SOD) while reducing MDA level, demonstrating efficacy through combating oxidative stress. Treated animals showed better recovery in biochemical and antioxidant parameters compared to mice treated with bulk piperine. The polymer composite (GG-CMC) without piperine did not exert significant changes in the hematological parameters or antioxidant response of paracetamol-treated mice. This confirms inert nature of bare polymer composite (GG-CMC) and the therapeutic effects were due to the nanonized piperine.