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<p>Molasses-mediated green synthesis produced ultra-fine copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs; 10–20&#xa0;nm diameter, 30–50&#xa0;nm length), which were incorporated into ionotropically crosslinked chitosan nanoparticles (CHN) at loadings of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 wt% to form CHN@CuONPs nanocomposites. CHN effectively limited CuONP aggregation, preserved high surface area, and stabilized nanoparticles with a characteristic (− 202) lattice plane spacing of 0.18&#xa0;nm. Dielectric measurements (0.1&#xa0;Hz to 20&#xa0;MHz) demonstrated that the incorporation of CuONPs enhanced electrical conductivity (σ′ and σ″), while inducing frequency-dependent decreases in dielectric constant and loss, indicating a tunable electrical response. The 3.0 wt% CHN@CuONPs nanocomposite exhibited antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 22.2 ± 3.3&#xa0;mm (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and 25.2 ± 3.4&#xa0;mm (<i>Escherichia coli</i>), substantially exceeding pure CHN and surpassing Gentamicin reference values. Thermal gravimetric analysis confirmed enhanced thermal stability, with CuONPs retaining approximately 65% residual mass, CHN retaining ~ 18%, and CHN@CuONPs composite stabilizing at ~ 45% residue at 800&#xa0;°C. Overall, this cost-effective approach provides a sustainable strategy for producing multifunctional CuONP-based chitosan nanocomposites with promising applications in antimicrobial coatings, flexible bioelectronics, and active packaging.</p>

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Molasses-Assisted Fabrication of Chitosan/CuO Nanoparticles: Synergistic Dielectric and Antibacterial Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Noof A. Alenazi,
  • Abeer D. Adaileh,
  • Ahmed. M. Wahba,
  • Sarah Salem

摘要

Molasses-mediated green synthesis produced ultra-fine copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs; 10–20 nm diameter, 30–50 nm length), which were incorporated into ionotropically crosslinked chitosan nanoparticles (CHN) at loadings of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 wt% to form CHN@CuONPs nanocomposites. CHN effectively limited CuONP aggregation, preserved high surface area, and stabilized nanoparticles with a characteristic (− 202) lattice plane spacing of 0.18 nm. Dielectric measurements (0.1 Hz to 20 MHz) demonstrated that the incorporation of CuONPs enhanced electrical conductivity (σ′ and σ″), while inducing frequency-dependent decreases in dielectric constant and loss, indicating a tunable electrical response. The 3.0 wt% CHN@CuONPs nanocomposite exhibited antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 22.2 ± 3.3 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 25.2 ± 3.4 mm (Escherichia coli), substantially exceeding pure CHN and surpassing Gentamicin reference values. Thermal gravimetric analysis confirmed enhanced thermal stability, with CuONPs retaining approximately 65% residual mass, CHN retaining ~ 18%, and CHN@CuONPs composite stabilizing at ~ 45% residue at 800 °C. Overall, this cost-effective approach provides a sustainable strategy for producing multifunctional CuONP-based chitosan nanocomposites with promising applications in antimicrobial coatings, flexible bioelectronics, and active packaging.