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<p>A dermal skin patch was fabricated using the electrospinning technique with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and ethyl cellulose (EC) as polymers. An optimization procedure was conducted to obtain beadless fibers. The optimized system combined a trio of cancer-preventive agents: curcumin (CUR), propolis (PROP), and green tea extract (GTE). The electrospinning process resulted in the generation of thin paper patches for the topical application of cancer-preventive agents. Prepared fibers were characterized using SEM, FT-IR, DSC, and XRD techniques. Further, in-vitro drug-releasing and transdermal penetration studies were also conducted. Furthermore, the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the nanofibers, their stability over the freeze-thaw cycle, and their anti-proliferative effect on murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and cytocompatibility with skin keratinocytes (HaCaTs) was carried out to assess the efficacy of the developed nanofibers. In-vitro drug release indicated an initial burst release followed by controlled release over 72&#xa0;h, where the curcumin (CUR) release was 60%, propolis (PROP) release was 75% compared to green tea extract (GTE) release of 80% which accounted for a rapid and higher amount of drug release. The assessment of transdermal drug delivery by the UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed the effective penetration of CUR, PROP and GTE through the skin membrane after 24 to 96&#xa0;h of skin contact. Specifically, CUR reached a 55% cumulative penetration and PROP of 30%. At the same time, GTE accounts for 15% of cumulative penetration at 96&#xa0;h. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH assay) revealed that the released tri-blend of the drugs creates a comparable antioxidant activity similar to ascorbic acid, even after extreme storage conditions. Moreover, total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and ABTS radical scavenging activities highlighted that the synergistic antioxidant potential of the composite nanofibers is mainly due to the presence of GTE. More importantly, anti-proliferative studies exposed that these nanofibers could lead to the inhibition of murine melanoma cells (B16F10) without affecting the cell viability of the skin keratinocytes (HaCaTs), highlighting their ability for the selective suppression of the proliferation of skin cancer cells when used as a topical formulation. These findings suggest that the developed skin patches can be attached to active wear or everyday wear as replaceable elements, effectively delivering these compounds while worn. </p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Development of a Wearable Cellulose-Based Antioxidant Nanofiber Patch Incorporating Curcumin, Propolis, and Green Tea Extract for Skin Cancer Prevention

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Danushika Charyangi Manatunga,
  • Jayasinghage Rachitha Piyumal Jayasingha,
  • Jehee Lee,
  • Rohini Mendis de Silva,
  • Kalu Marakkala Nalin de Silva,
  • Kaushalya Abeysekara,
  • Kanchana Abeysekara

摘要

A dermal skin patch was fabricated using the electrospinning technique with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and ethyl cellulose (EC) as polymers. An optimization procedure was conducted to obtain beadless fibers. The optimized system combined a trio of cancer-preventive agents: curcumin (CUR), propolis (PROP), and green tea extract (GTE). The electrospinning process resulted in the generation of thin paper patches for the topical application of cancer-preventive agents. Prepared fibers were characterized using SEM, FT-IR, DSC, and XRD techniques. Further, in-vitro drug-releasing and transdermal penetration studies were also conducted. Furthermore, the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the nanofibers, their stability over the freeze-thaw cycle, and their anti-proliferative effect on murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and cytocompatibility with skin keratinocytes (HaCaTs) was carried out to assess the efficacy of the developed nanofibers. In-vitro drug release indicated an initial burst release followed by controlled release over 72 h, where the curcumin (CUR) release was 60%, propolis (PROP) release was 75% compared to green tea extract (GTE) release of 80% which accounted for a rapid and higher amount of drug release. The assessment of transdermal drug delivery by the UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed the effective penetration of CUR, PROP and GTE through the skin membrane after 24 to 96 h of skin contact. Specifically, CUR reached a 55% cumulative penetration and PROP of 30%. At the same time, GTE accounts for 15% of cumulative penetration at 96 h. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH assay) revealed that the released tri-blend of the drugs creates a comparable antioxidant activity similar to ascorbic acid, even after extreme storage conditions. Moreover, total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and ABTS radical scavenging activities highlighted that the synergistic antioxidant potential of the composite nanofibers is mainly due to the presence of GTE. More importantly, anti-proliferative studies exposed that these nanofibers could lead to the inhibition of murine melanoma cells (B16F10) without affecting the cell viability of the skin keratinocytes (HaCaTs), highlighting their ability for the selective suppression of the proliferation of skin cancer cells when used as a topical formulation. These findings suggest that the developed skin patches can be attached to active wear or everyday wear as replaceable elements, effectively delivering these compounds while worn.

Graphical Abstract