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<p>Nanoparticles serve diverse roles in biomedical applications, particularly in disease diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. The present study aims to investigate the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Amphiroa fragilissima</i> as a natural capping, reducing, and stabilising agent. The biosynthesised AgNPs were analysed for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The synthesised AgNPs were characterised using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD, DLS, and SEM coupled with EDX. AgNPs synthesised from seaweed were investigated for their antimicrobial properties against human pathogens. Among them, <i>P. mirabilis</i> exhibited the highest zone of inhibition at 17.02&#xa0;mm, followed by <i>E. coli</i> (15.63&#xa0;mm), <i>S. aureus</i> (14.28&#xa0;mm), <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (14.12&#xa0;mm), and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (12.58&#xa0;mm). Among the candidal strains, <i>Candida krusei</i> exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (18.06&#xa0;mm), followed closely by <i>C. kefyr</i> (17.61&#xa0;mm), <i>C. parapsilosis</i> (17.30&#xa0;mm), <i>C. tropicalis</i> (16.92&#xa0;mm), and <i>C. albicans</i> (14.56&#xa0;mm). Exhibited a concentration-responsive biological effect, found that the AgNPs mediated by A. <i>fragilissima </i>may scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals (IC<sub>50</sub> = 64.28&#xa0;µg/mL and 78.80&#xa0;µg/mL). Demonstrated notable antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 cancer cells, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value was 62.84&#xa0;µg/mL. Apoptosis has been identified by AO/EtBr staining and morphological changes after exposure. The <i>Artemia salina</i> nauplii assay revealed dose-dependent toxicity, with an LC<sub>50</sub> value of 199.66&#xa0;µg/mL, indicating that NPs were moderately hazardous. This study revealed the potential activity against the multi-resistant pathogens and cancer properties of <i>A. fragilissima</i>-derived AgNPs. Further research on macroalgal-synthesised AgNPs is essential for their use as antimicrobial and anticancer agents in fields like nanomedicine.</p>

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Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Red Alga Amphiroa fragilissima Against Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Annamalai Aravinth,
  • Senthilkumar Pavithra,
  • Prabhu Kolandhasamy,
  • Chinnaperumal Kamaraj,
  • Rajendran Rajaram,
  • Pachiappan Perumal

摘要

Nanoparticles serve diverse roles in biomedical applications, particularly in disease diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. The present study aims to investigate the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Amphiroa fragilissima as a natural capping, reducing, and stabilising agent. The biosynthesised AgNPs were analysed for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The synthesised AgNPs were characterised using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD, DLS, and SEM coupled with EDX. AgNPs synthesised from seaweed were investigated for their antimicrobial properties against human pathogens. Among them, P. mirabilis exhibited the highest zone of inhibition at 17.02 mm, followed by E. coli (15.63 mm), S. aureus (14.28 mm), P. aeruginosa (14.12 mm), and K. pneumoniae (12.58 mm). Among the candidal strains, Candida krusei exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (18.06 mm), followed closely by C. kefyr (17.61 mm), C. parapsilosis (17.30 mm), C. tropicalis (16.92 mm), and C. albicans (14.56 mm). Exhibited a concentration-responsive biological effect, found that the AgNPs mediated by A. fragilissima may scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals (IC50 = 64.28 µg/mL and 78.80 µg/mL). Demonstrated notable antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 cancer cells, with an IC50 value was 62.84 µg/mL. Apoptosis has been identified by AO/EtBr staining and morphological changes after exposure. The Artemia salina nauplii assay revealed dose-dependent toxicity, with an LC50 value of 199.66 µg/mL, indicating that NPs were moderately hazardous. This study revealed the potential activity against the multi-resistant pathogens and cancer properties of A. fragilissima-derived AgNPs. Further research on macroalgal-synthesised AgNPs is essential for their use as antimicrobial and anticancer agents in fields like nanomedicine.