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<p>Osteoporosis is a progressive skeletal disorder marked by reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Bezafibrate (BZ), a lipid-lowering agent, has shown potential as a repurposed therapeutic for osteoporosis. This study aimed to develop and evaluate bezafibrate-loaded calcium nanoparticles (BZ-CNPs) to enhance their therapeutic efficacy for targeted bone delivery. Calcium nanoparticles (CNPs) were prepared by chemical precipitation due to their bone-targeting properties and biocompatibility. BZ-CNPs were optimized using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and characterized for particle size, PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and morphology using SEM, XRD, and DSC. In vivo performance was assessed in a dexamethasone-induced osteoporotic rat model. The optimized BZ-CNPs showed a particle size of 242.1&#xa0;nm, PDI of 0.302, zeta potential of − 32.7 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 87.2%. Morphological and thermal analyses confirmed nanoparticle stability. In vivo and biochemical analyses demonstrated a significant improvement in bone turnover markers, indicating reversal of osteoporosis-induced bone loss. The developed BZ-CNP formulation offers a promising nanocarrier for the targeted delivery of bezafibrate, demonstrating improved therapeutic potential for osteoporosis management through drug repurposing.&#xa0;</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Nanoengineered Bezafibrate-Loaded Calcium Nanoparticles for Osteoporosis: A Repurposing Approach for Targeted Bone Therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Shikha Yadav,
  • Alka,
  • Shailendra K. Saraf,
  • Neelam Datt

摘要

Osteoporosis is a progressive skeletal disorder marked by reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Bezafibrate (BZ), a lipid-lowering agent, has shown potential as a repurposed therapeutic for osteoporosis. This study aimed to develop and evaluate bezafibrate-loaded calcium nanoparticles (BZ-CNPs) to enhance their therapeutic efficacy for targeted bone delivery. Calcium nanoparticles (CNPs) were prepared by chemical precipitation due to their bone-targeting properties and biocompatibility. BZ-CNPs were optimized using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and characterized for particle size, PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and morphology using SEM, XRD, and DSC. In vivo performance was assessed in a dexamethasone-induced osteoporotic rat model. The optimized BZ-CNPs showed a particle size of 242.1 nm, PDI of 0.302, zeta potential of − 32.7 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 87.2%. Morphological and thermal analyses confirmed nanoparticle stability. In vivo and biochemical analyses demonstrated a significant improvement in bone turnover markers, indicating reversal of osteoporosis-induced bone loss. The developed BZ-CNP formulation offers a promising nanocarrier for the targeted delivery of bezafibrate, demonstrating improved therapeutic potential for osteoporosis management through drug repurposing. 

Graphical Abstract