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<p>Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs (have an essential role in the initiation and spreading of cancer. Berberine (BBR), has several biological activities, especially anti-tumor effects. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a new way to treat cancer. In this method, gold nanoparticles can be employed as an enhancer of radiation absorption. Here, we assessed the simultaneous effects of berberine and targeted photothermal therapy on the apoptosis of GC patients’ sphere-forming cells. Sphere-forming cells were exposed to BBR (80 µM), anti-CD44 antibody-conjugated Fe₃O₄@Au core-shell nanoparticles (anti-CD44 NPs) (75&#xa0;µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) with Near-Infrared (NIR) laser radiation, and anti-CD44 NPs with laser radiation in combination with BBR. The Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were determined using MTT and annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assays, respectively.&#xa0;BBR, anti-CD44 NPs, and their combination significantly inhibited the proliferation of sphere-forming cells and induced apoptosis in them.&#xa0;Due to the similar effects of BBR and anti-CD44 NPs on inhibiting the growth of CSCs and the advantages of targeted drug delivery systems, selective PTT as a noninvasive treatment with high specificity may be regarded as a possible therapeutic potential in patients with cancer in the future.</p>

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Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Berberine and Targeted Photothermal Therapy Using Anti-CD44 Fe₃O₄@Au Nanoparticles on Gastric Cancer Stem Cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Mahdieh Azimi,
  • Gholamreza Anani Sarab,
  • Mitra Rafiee,
  • Atena Mansouri,
  • Sajjad Pandesh,
  • Vahid Bagheri

摘要

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs (have an essential role in the initiation and spreading of cancer. Berberine (BBR), has several biological activities, especially anti-tumor effects. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a new way to treat cancer. In this method, gold nanoparticles can be employed as an enhancer of radiation absorption. Here, we assessed the simultaneous effects of berberine and targeted photothermal therapy on the apoptosis of GC patients’ sphere-forming cells. Sphere-forming cells were exposed to BBR (80 µM), anti-CD44 antibody-conjugated Fe₃O₄@Au core-shell nanoparticles (anti-CD44 NPs) (75 µg mL−1) with Near-Infrared (NIR) laser radiation, and anti-CD44 NPs with laser radiation in combination with BBR. The Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were determined using MTT and annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assays, respectively. BBR, anti-CD44 NPs, and their combination significantly inhibited the proliferation of sphere-forming cells and induced apoptosis in them. Due to the similar effects of BBR and anti-CD44 NPs on inhibiting the growth of CSCs and the advantages of targeted drug delivery systems, selective PTT as a noninvasive treatment with high specificity may be regarded as a possible therapeutic potential in patients with cancer in the future.