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<p>Few studies have been carried out to evaluate nanoparticles toward grasshoppers’ embryos of <i>Heteracris littoralis</i>. Grasshoppers set a significant global threat to agriculture due to their wide geographic range, high reproductive potential, and adaptability to various climates and habitats. <i>Heteracris littoralis</i> is considered destructive pest that destroy crops worldwide each year, especially Egyptian clover plant resulting in economic losses during outbreaks Consequently, the demand for environmentally friendly pest management solutions in agriculture has increased markedly in recent years. This study assess, for the first time, the toxic effects of green-synthesized nanomaterial on grasshopper embryos of <i>Heteracris littoralis</i>. These nanomaterials are chitosan nanoparticles (Cht-NPs) which were synthesized utilizing ionic gelation technique involving tripolyphosphate (TPP) and chitosan polymer (CSP). Green-synthesized chitosan-coated gold nanospheres (AuSph@Cht-NPs) were prepared by the reduction of tetra-chloroaurate with CSP. Chitosan-coated gold nanorods (AuRod@Cht-NPs) were synthesized according to the classical seed-mediated growth method with small modifications and chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag@Cht-NPs) which were prepared with nontoxic and biodegradable CSP. The nanomaterials investigated were characterized by high stability and small particle size. The embryos exhibited deformities in histological, morphological, and movement aspects. The findings indicated that AuRod@Cht-NPs had the lowest LC50 value (0.025 mg/ml) compared to the other materials tested, with approximately 45% of embryos ceasing development just prior to blastokinesis (dose: 0.05 mg/ml). In contrast, Cht-NPs demonstrated the highest LC50 (0.473 mg/ml), allowing 25% of embryos to achieve blastokinesis. These nanomaterials inflicted significant damage on the developing embryos, particularly evident in the brain and compound eyes. So, the synthesized nanoparticles offer a promising alternative to traditional pesticides for managing the grasshopper <i>Heteracris littoralis</i>, as they display varying degrees of toxicity, fetal malformation, and tissue damage, ultimately leading to impaired development and increased mortality.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Assessment the Effect of Ecofriendly Different Shapes Nanoparticles on the Embryonic Development of Grasshopper Heteracris littoralis Rambur

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Khaled M. Abdel Rahman,
  • Nirvina A. Ghazawy,
  • Amna H. Faid,
  • Marwa A. Ramadan

摘要

Few studies have been carried out to evaluate nanoparticles toward grasshoppers’ embryos of Heteracris littoralis. Grasshoppers set a significant global threat to agriculture due to their wide geographic range, high reproductive potential, and adaptability to various climates and habitats. Heteracris littoralis is considered destructive pest that destroy crops worldwide each year, especially Egyptian clover plant resulting in economic losses during outbreaks Consequently, the demand for environmentally friendly pest management solutions in agriculture has increased markedly in recent years. This study assess, for the first time, the toxic effects of green-synthesized nanomaterial on grasshopper embryos of Heteracris littoralis. These nanomaterials are chitosan nanoparticles (Cht-NPs) which were synthesized utilizing ionic gelation technique involving tripolyphosphate (TPP) and chitosan polymer (CSP). Green-synthesized chitosan-coated gold nanospheres (AuSph@Cht-NPs) were prepared by the reduction of tetra-chloroaurate with CSP. Chitosan-coated gold nanorods (AuRod@Cht-NPs) were synthesized according to the classical seed-mediated growth method with small modifications and chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag@Cht-NPs) which were prepared with nontoxic and biodegradable CSP. The nanomaterials investigated were characterized by high stability and small particle size. The embryos exhibited deformities in histological, morphological, and movement aspects. The findings indicated that AuRod@Cht-NPs had the lowest LC50 value (0.025 mg/ml) compared to the other materials tested, with approximately 45% of embryos ceasing development just prior to blastokinesis (dose: 0.05 mg/ml). In contrast, Cht-NPs demonstrated the highest LC50 (0.473 mg/ml), allowing 25% of embryos to achieve blastokinesis. These nanomaterials inflicted significant damage on the developing embryos, particularly evident in the brain and compound eyes. So, the synthesized nanoparticles offer a promising alternative to traditional pesticides for managing the grasshopper Heteracris littoralis, as they display varying degrees of toxicity, fetal malformation, and tissue damage, ultimately leading to impaired development and increased mortality.

Graphical Abstract