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<p>Silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) is the most common and abundant compound found in rocks and sand naturally. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are synthesized by various methods such as chemical vapor deposition, sol–gel, and hydrolysis. The present work discusses the preparation and characterization of ball-milled silica nanoparticles and also investigates their <i>in vitro</i> bioefficacy against the diamondback moth, <i>Plutella xylostella</i>. Milling time was taken as the key criterion for optimizing the ball milling process. The impact of milling time and structural disintegration of the nanoparticles was analyzed by fixing the milling parameters viz., rpm, ball-to-powder ratio, and sample weight as constant. The physico-chemical characterization of silica material before and after ball milling was characterized using particle size analyzer (PSA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDAX, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Structural analysis of SiNPs revealed an irregular spherical shape with an amorphous nature and size ranging from 40 to 110&#xa0;nm. For the evaluation of the entomotoxic potential of prepared SiNPs, solution spray bioassay technique was employed with a range of concentrations (200 to 1200&#xa0;mg/L). The results clearly demonstrated the potent insecticidal activity of SiNPs against <i>P. xylostella</i>, causing larval mortality of up to 80.0%, underscoring its applicability in future eco-friendly pest management strategies. Safety assessment of SiNPs was performed against the honey bee, <i>Apis cerana indica</i>, which revealed no significant mortality, highlighting their safety to beneficial insects.</p>

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Ball Milling–Derived Silica Nanoparticles: Physico-chemical Characterization and Entomotoxic Potential Against Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella L

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • J. Jayapradha,
  • M. Suganthy,
  • M. Murugan,
  • S. K. Rajkishore,
  • D. Jeya Sundara Sharmila,
  • P. Janaki,
  • Pon. Sathya Moorthy

摘要

Silica (SiO2) is the most common and abundant compound found in rocks and sand naturally. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are synthesized by various methods such as chemical vapor deposition, sol–gel, and hydrolysis. The present work discusses the preparation and characterization of ball-milled silica nanoparticles and also investigates their in vitro bioefficacy against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Milling time was taken as the key criterion for optimizing the ball milling process. The impact of milling time and structural disintegration of the nanoparticles was analyzed by fixing the milling parameters viz., rpm, ball-to-powder ratio, and sample weight as constant. The physico-chemical characterization of silica material before and after ball milling was characterized using particle size analyzer (PSA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDAX, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Structural analysis of SiNPs revealed an irregular spherical shape with an amorphous nature and size ranging from 40 to 110 nm. For the evaluation of the entomotoxic potential of prepared SiNPs, solution spray bioassay technique was employed with a range of concentrations (200 to 1200 mg/L). The results clearly demonstrated the potent insecticidal activity of SiNPs against P. xylostella, causing larval mortality of up to 80.0%, underscoring its applicability in future eco-friendly pest management strategies. Safety assessment of SiNPs was performed against the honey bee, Apis cerana indica, which revealed no significant mortality, highlighting their safety to beneficial insects.