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<p>This research focused on fabricating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the supernatant of <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i> and investigating their diverse biological functions. The scope of the study included an in-depth analysis of the AgNPs’ antibacterial, antioxidant, and enzymatic inhibitory properties, specifically targeting α-amylase and urease activities, as well as their potential to prevent and disrupt biofilms formed by bacteria and fungi. The AgNPs were rigorously characterized through a suite of advanced techniques: UV–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results confirmed that the particles were spherical with a mean size of 58.90 nm, a polydispersity index (PdI) of 0.257, and a zeta potential of −21.1 mV, indicating good stability. When tested at a concentration of 1000 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>, these AgNPs demonstrated significant antioxidant activity with a DPPH radical scavenging capacity of 67.37 ± 1.78%. Additionally, they inhibited α-amylase and urease enzymes by 62.25 ± 4.37% and 74.99 ± 1.33%, respectively. Their antibacterial efficacy was evident against <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, showing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 31.2 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Similarly, the nanoparticles (NPs) displayed antifungal activity against <i>Candida albicans</i> at the same MIC and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values. The study further revealed that, at 4 × MIC, the AgNPs inhibited bacterial biofilm formation by 92.99 ± 2.63% and fungal biofilm formation by 94.49 ± 1.73%. Despite their strong biofilm-inhibiting properties, the NPs were less effective at degrading preformed biofilms. In summary, the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited remarkable biological properties.</p>

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Pichia kudriavzevii-Derived Silver Nanoparticles: Exploration of their Structural Characteristics and Multifunctional Biological Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月27日

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  • Hamed Barabadi,
  • Hossein Vahidi,
  • Mahdi Nasiri,
  • Kamyar Jounaki,
  • Salimeh Amidi,
  • Reza Jahani,
  • Omid Hosseini,
  • Fatemeh Ashouri,
  • Melika Kamali

摘要

This research focused on fabricating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the supernatant of Pichia kudriavzevii and investigating their diverse biological functions. The scope of the study included an in-depth analysis of the AgNPs’ antibacterial, antioxidant, and enzymatic inhibitory properties, specifically targeting α-amylase and urease activities, as well as their potential to prevent and disrupt biofilms formed by bacteria and fungi. The AgNPs were rigorously characterized through a suite of advanced techniques: UV–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results confirmed that the particles were spherical with a mean size of 58.90 nm, a polydispersity index (PdI) of 0.257, and a zeta potential of −21.1 mV, indicating good stability. When tested at a concentration of 1000 µg mL−1, these AgNPs demonstrated significant antioxidant activity with a DPPH radical scavenging capacity of 67.37 ± 1.78%. Additionally, they inhibited α-amylase and urease enzymes by 62.25 ± 4.37% and 74.99 ± 1.33%, respectively. Their antibacterial efficacy was evident against Enterococcus faecalis, showing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 31.2 µg mL−1. Similarly, the nanoparticles (NPs) displayed antifungal activity against Candida albicans at the same MIC and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values. The study further revealed that, at 4 × MIC, the AgNPs inhibited bacterial biofilm formation by 92.99 ± 2.63% and fungal biofilm formation by 94.49 ± 1.73%. Despite their strong biofilm-inhibiting properties, the NPs were less effective at degrading preformed biofilms. In summary, the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited remarkable biological properties.