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<p>A huge effort has been put into designing drug carriers that fulfill needs such as improved efficacy, safety, consistent therapeutic response, and extended-release interval. This study aimed to examine the potential of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) as carriers for drug administration. The NiONPs were produced via co-precipitation and characterized by using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The NiONPs were then loaded with antibiotic drugs. Furthermore, drug-loading efficiency and in vitro drug release assays were performed to evaluate NiONPs’ potential for successful drug loading and release. The UV–Vis, FTIR, and XRD measurements indicated the successful production of ZnO-NPs. The FTIR analysis and drug-loading efficiency analysis indicated that the NiONPs successfully loaded the antibiotic drugs. Overall, the NiONPs showed good drug loading efficiency and in vitro drug release. The highest drug loading efficiency was observed in cefixime-loaded NiONPs (84%) and cefadroxil-loaded NiONPs (78%). The antibacterial activities of NiONPs and cephalosporin-loaded NiONPs against two bacterial strains <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) were also examined. The maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were observed in Ni-ceftriaxone (27 ± 1.24, 27 ± 1.2&#xa0;mm), Ni-cefixime (36 ± 2.0&#xa0;mm, 31 ± 2.0&#xa0;mm), and Ni-cefadroxil (32 ± 1.2&#xa0;mm, 30 ± 1.2&#xa0;mm), respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against <i>E. coli</i> were observed in Ni-cefixime (0.005 ± 2.0&#xa0;mg) and Ni-cefadroxil (0.005 ± 1.2&#xa0;mg). Moreover, the cephalosporin-loaded NiONPs showed a good in vitro drug release profile. This research proposed that NiONPs could be attractive candidates for drug carrier applications.</p>

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Cephalosporin-Drugs Loaded Ni-Nanoparticles for Drug Carrier Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Amjad Hussain,
  • Faisal Attique,
  • Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash,
  • Meher Ali,
  • Muhammad Adnan Ayub,
  • Ahmed H. Ragab,
  • Saedah Rwede AL-Mhyawi,
  • Najla F. Gumaah,
  • Khayala Mammadova,
  • Afnan Jan,
  • Muhammad Tahir Saleh

摘要

A huge effort has been put into designing drug carriers that fulfill needs such as improved efficacy, safety, consistent therapeutic response, and extended-release interval. This study aimed to examine the potential of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) as carriers for drug administration. The NiONPs were produced via co-precipitation and characterized by using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The NiONPs were then loaded with antibiotic drugs. Furthermore, drug-loading efficiency and in vitro drug release assays were performed to evaluate NiONPs’ potential for successful drug loading and release. The UV–Vis, FTIR, and XRD measurements indicated the successful production of ZnO-NPs. The FTIR analysis and drug-loading efficiency analysis indicated that the NiONPs successfully loaded the antibiotic drugs. Overall, the NiONPs showed good drug loading efficiency and in vitro drug release. The highest drug loading efficiency was observed in cefixime-loaded NiONPs (84%) and cefadroxil-loaded NiONPs (78%). The antibacterial activities of NiONPs and cephalosporin-loaded NiONPs against two bacterial strains Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were also examined. The maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) against E. coli and S. aureus were observed in Ni-ceftriaxone (27 ± 1.24, 27 ± 1.2 mm), Ni-cefixime (36 ± 2.0 mm, 31 ± 2.0 mm), and Ni-cefadroxil (32 ± 1.2 mm, 30 ± 1.2 mm), respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against E. coli were observed in Ni-cefixime (0.005 ± 2.0 mg) and Ni-cefadroxil (0.005 ± 1.2 mg). Moreover, the cephalosporin-loaded NiONPs showed a good in vitro drug release profile. This research proposed that NiONPs could be attractive candidates for drug carrier applications.