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<p>Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated dermatological disorder that affects approximately 2–3% of the global population, requiring novel therapeutic strategies to enhance efficacy and minimize systemic side effects. This study reports the development of a novel microemulsion (ME) composite hydrogel for the co-encapsulation and co-delivery of cyclosporine A (CsA) and quercetin (QE). CsA and QE-loaded MEs (CQMEs) were formulated using a self-emulsification method and optimized via I-optimal mixture design, achieving a particle size of 20.1 ± 2.67&#xa0;nm, a polydispersity index of 0.218 ± 0.02, and high entrapment efficiencies of 99.35 ± 0.18% for CsA and 87.75 ± 0.25% for QE. The CQME-based hydrogel exhibited favorable physicochemical, rheological, and textural properties, ensuring suitability for dermal application. Ex vivo permeation and deposition studies in rodent skin demonstrated significantly enhanced retention of CsA and QE in the viable epidermis and dermis layers with ME solution (3.4 and 3.25-fold, respectively) and ME hydrogel (2.8 and 2.6-fold, respectively) compared to a conventional gel. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) confirmed deeper skin penetration of the ME formulations. By combining the synergistic therapeutic potential of CsA and QE with the advanced skin retention capabilities of MEs, this composite hydrogel offers a promising therapeutic approach to address the unmet needs of psoriasis patients. These results highlight its potential for clinical translation as a novel and effective treatment modality for this debilitating condition.</p>

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Development of a Co-Loaded Microemulsion Composite Hydrogel for Enhanced Dermal Delivery of Cyclosporine A and Quercetin for Psoriasis Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月5日

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  • Ruchita Joshi,
  • Brijesh Sukumaran

摘要

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated dermatological disorder that affects approximately 2–3% of the global population, requiring novel therapeutic strategies to enhance efficacy and minimize systemic side effects. This study reports the development of a novel microemulsion (ME) composite hydrogel for the co-encapsulation and co-delivery of cyclosporine A (CsA) and quercetin (QE). CsA and QE-loaded MEs (CQMEs) were formulated using a self-emulsification method and optimized via I-optimal mixture design, achieving a particle size of 20.1 ± 2.67 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.218 ± 0.02, and high entrapment efficiencies of 99.35 ± 0.18% for CsA and 87.75 ± 0.25% for QE. The CQME-based hydrogel exhibited favorable physicochemical, rheological, and textural properties, ensuring suitability for dermal application. Ex vivo permeation and deposition studies in rodent skin demonstrated significantly enhanced retention of CsA and QE in the viable epidermis and dermis layers with ME solution (3.4 and 3.25-fold, respectively) and ME hydrogel (2.8 and 2.6-fold, respectively) compared to a conventional gel. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) confirmed deeper skin penetration of the ME formulations. By combining the synergistic therapeutic potential of CsA and QE with the advanced skin retention capabilities of MEs, this composite hydrogel offers a promising therapeutic approach to address the unmet needs of psoriasis patients. These results highlight its potential for clinical translation as a novel and effective treatment modality for this debilitating condition.