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<p>Bi₂O₃-CuO nanocomposites (10 and 20 wt % Bi₂O₃) were produced using co-precipitation and calcination at 600&#xa0;°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated the presence of monoclinic CuO and tetragonal Bi₂O₃ phases, confirming the successful creation of a mixed-phase composite with no detectable impurities. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed distinct absorption bands between 525 and 600&#xa0;cm⁻<sup>1</sup>, corresponding to Cu–O and Bi-O stretching vibrations, respectively. Band shifts indicated strong interfacial interactions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the 10 wt % Bi₂O₃ composite had an uneven, porous morphology with particle sizes ranging from 130–150&#xa0;nm, while the 20 wt % composite had a more uniform surface and reduced particle sizes to 120–140&#xa0;nm. Increased Bi₂O₃ content resulted in a redshift in the absorption edge, indicating bandgap narrowing and improved charge separation within the nanocomposite matrix (UV–vis spectroscopy results). The 20 wt % Bi₂O₃-CuO composite considerably increased antimicrobial activity against <i>Escherichia coli (E. Coli)</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. Aureus)</i>, as measured by agar well diffusion. This enhancement is due to the nanocomposite's synergistic physicochemical features, which include increased surface area, enhanced electron transfer efficiency, and increased production of reactive oxygen species. These findings demonstrate the potential of Bi₂O₃-CuO nanocomposites for antibacterial surface applications.</p>

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Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity of Bismuth Oxide Doped Copper Oxide Nanocomposites Synthesized via Co-Precipitation: Influence of Composition and Morphology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月7日

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  • Raja Kaliyaperumal,
  • Karuppiah Nagaraj,
  • Nilesh Prakash Badgujar,
  • Thavan Kasilingam,
  • Vijayakumar Poovan,
  • Tharini Kumaravel

摘要

Bi₂O₃-CuO nanocomposites (10 and 20 wt % Bi₂O₃) were produced using co-precipitation and calcination at 600 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated the presence of monoclinic CuO and tetragonal Bi₂O₃ phases, confirming the successful creation of a mixed-phase composite with no detectable impurities. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed distinct absorption bands between 525 and 600 cm⁻1, corresponding to Cu–O and Bi-O stretching vibrations, respectively. Band shifts indicated strong interfacial interactions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the 10 wt % Bi₂O₃ composite had an uneven, porous morphology with particle sizes ranging from 130–150 nm, while the 20 wt % composite had a more uniform surface and reduced particle sizes to 120–140 nm. Increased Bi₂O₃ content resulted in a redshift in the absorption edge, indicating bandgap narrowing and improved charge separation within the nanocomposite matrix (UV–vis spectroscopy results). The 20 wt % Bi₂O₃-CuO composite considerably increased antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. Aureus), as measured by agar well diffusion. This enhancement is due to the nanocomposite's synergistic physicochemical features, which include increased surface area, enhanced electron transfer efficiency, and increased production of reactive oxygen species. These findings demonstrate the potential of Bi₂O₃-CuO nanocomposites for antibacterial surface applications.