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<p>In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) with zeolite(Z) and titanium dioxide(T) was fabricated as a reinforcement in a polymer-based composite scaffold to bone-healing rabbit calvarial defects. Highly porous, biocompatible, and osteoconductive scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning in different experiment groups (PP, PPT, PPZ, and PPZT). We hypothesized that the presence of nanoparticles in inert scaffolds will be improved, enhancing bone replacement and promoting regeneration. Hence, the scaffolds were characteristics of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) in vitro. The SEM photograph also confirmed that the nanoparticles aggregated. They were encapsulated in the composite fiber, and the functional groups of all elements indicate the biomaterials’ appropriate and accurate composition. Consequently, rabbit skull bone defect models with an 8 mm diameter were created. Nanocomposites were grafted onto the skull bone defects, and animals were sacrificed 30 to 60 days after surgery for CT scans and histological evaluations. The ossification abilities of different materials were compared by measuring the repaired areas of skull bone defects. The results indicated that the process of bone formation at two specific time points (30 and 60 days following surgery) was more favorable in the PPZT group compared to the PP, PPT, and PPZ groups. The effects observed in groups PP, PPT, and PPZ were not statistically significant. The control group showed skull bone abnormalities, with a considerable presence of fibrous connective tissue. Altogether, this observation emphasizes the efficacy of the electrospun PPZT NFs in promoting bone regeneration rather than self-healing and highlights a novel approach in bone tissue engineering application.</p>

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Therapeutic Potential of Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Calvarial Bone Regeneration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Morteza Ahmari Haghighi,
  • Alireza Jahandideh,
  • Gholamreza Abedi Chamheidari,
  • Saeed Hesaraki,
  • Abolfazl Akbarzadeh

摘要

In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) with zeolite(Z) and titanium dioxide(T) was fabricated as a reinforcement in a polymer-based composite scaffold to bone-healing rabbit calvarial defects. Highly porous, biocompatible, and osteoconductive scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning in different experiment groups (PP, PPT, PPZ, and PPZT). We hypothesized that the presence of nanoparticles in inert scaffolds will be improved, enhancing bone replacement and promoting regeneration. Hence, the scaffolds were characteristics of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) in vitro. The SEM photograph also confirmed that the nanoparticles aggregated. They were encapsulated in the composite fiber, and the functional groups of all elements indicate the biomaterials’ appropriate and accurate composition. Consequently, rabbit skull bone defect models with an 8 mm diameter were created. Nanocomposites were grafted onto the skull bone defects, and animals were sacrificed 30 to 60 days after surgery for CT scans and histological evaluations. The ossification abilities of different materials were compared by measuring the repaired areas of skull bone defects. The results indicated that the process of bone formation at two specific time points (30 and 60 days following surgery) was more favorable in the PPZT group compared to the PP, PPT, and PPZ groups. The effects observed in groups PP, PPT, and PPZ were not statistically significant. The control group showed skull bone abnormalities, with a considerable presence of fibrous connective tissue. Altogether, this observation emphasizes the efficacy of the electrospun PPZT NFs in promoting bone regeneration rather than self-healing and highlights a novel approach in bone tissue engineering application.