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<p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, equipped with a potent arsenal of virulence factors and secretion systems, causes various infections in the bloodstream, burn wounds, lungs, eyes, and urinary tracts, particularly among hospitalized and immunocompromised patients. Due to the bacterium’s resistance to most available antibiotics, alternative therapies have attracted the attention of researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol-functionalized gold nanoparticles (Au@Res) on clinical strains of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, focusing on biofilm inhibition and the expression of Type III Secretion System (T3SS) genes. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized and simultaneously functionalized with resveratrol using NaAuCl₄ and resveratrol. Following confirmation tests, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analyses, cellular and molecular assays were conducted. The results indicated that 74% of the strains exhibited growth inhibition at a minimum concentration of 512 µg/mL of Au@Res, while 79% demonstrated prevention or disruption of biofilm formation at 150 µg/mL. Furthermore, the study revealed a 0.5-fold reduction in <i>exoS</i> gene expression and a 0.3-fold reduction in <i>exoU</i> gene expression at concentrations ranging from 50 to 100 µg/mL of Au@Res. These findings confirm that Au@Res is a promising inhibitory agent against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains at both cellular and molecular levels, potentially serving as an alternative to certain antibiotics to which the bacterium has developed resistance.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Resveratrol-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach to Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Suppress Type III Secretion System Gene Expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Alireza Habibi,
  • Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz,
  • Reza Kazemi Darsanaki

摘要

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, equipped with a potent arsenal of virulence factors and secretion systems, causes various infections in the bloodstream, burn wounds, lungs, eyes, and urinary tracts, particularly among hospitalized and immunocompromised patients. Due to the bacterium’s resistance to most available antibiotics, alternative therapies have attracted the attention of researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol-functionalized gold nanoparticles (Au@Res) on clinical strains of P. aeruginosa, focusing on biofilm inhibition and the expression of Type III Secretion System (T3SS) genes. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized and simultaneously functionalized with resveratrol using NaAuCl₄ and resveratrol. Following confirmation tests, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analyses, cellular and molecular assays were conducted. The results indicated that 74% of the strains exhibited growth inhibition at a minimum concentration of 512 µg/mL of Au@Res, while 79% demonstrated prevention or disruption of biofilm formation at 150 µg/mL. Furthermore, the study revealed a 0.5-fold reduction in exoS gene expression and a 0.3-fold reduction in exoU gene expression at concentrations ranging from 50 to 100 µg/mL of Au@Res. These findings confirm that Au@Res is a promising inhibitory agent against P. aeruginosa strains at both cellular and molecular levels, potentially serving as an alternative to certain antibiotics to which the bacterium has developed resistance.

Graphical Abstract