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<p><i>Malassezia furfur</i> is a type of yeast present in the human skin microbiome and is linked to a number of skin conditions. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are efficient against a variety of fungal infections. Econazole nitrate (ECN) is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles loaded with econazole nitrate (ECN loaded Ag-NPs) and to evaluate the <i>in-vitro</i> inhibitory activity of nanoparticles against various fungal species. The Ag-NPs are synthesized using a chemical reduction method, utilizing trisodium citrate as a stabilizing and reducing agent. Different amounts of ECN were loaded onto the nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance peak was at 433&#xa0;nm. FT-IR studies confirmed C-O and N = O chemical bonds in ECN-formed bonds with Ag-NPs. The ECN loaded Ag-NPs were spherical and crystalline in nature, with a size of 51.8&#xa0;nm. The polydispersity index was 0.342 and a zeta potential value of -29.4. Antifungal activity of blank and loaded Ag-NPs is tested against four different strains: <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Candida glabrata</i>, <i>Candida tropicalis</i>, and <i>Malassezia furfur</i>. The produced ECN loaded Ag-NPs exhibited a fungicidal effect with low minimal inhibitory concentration values. Ag-NPs and ECN exhibited synergistic effects. Additionally, it is observed that ECN-loaded Ag-NPs inhibited <i>Malassezia</i> furfur growth to a greater extent than that of <i>Candida tropicalis</i> and <i>Candida glabrata</i> and to a lesser extent against <i>Candida albicans.</i> The broad-spectrum antifungal drug econazole nitrate, when combined with the antimicrobial and fungicidal action of Ag-NPs, exhibited great antifungal activity against <i>Malassezia furfur</i><Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">.</Emphasis></p>

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Controlled Size Silver Nanoparticles Stabilised with Trisodium Citrate as Carriers for Econazole Nitrate: Synthesis, Characterization and Antifungal Activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月13日

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  • Pooja Sawant,
  • Shakuntala Chopade,
  • Shilpa Shrotriya,
  • Manali Patil,
  • Sugandha Mulgund

摘要

Malassezia furfur is a type of yeast present in the human skin microbiome and is linked to a number of skin conditions. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are efficient against a variety of fungal infections. Econazole nitrate (ECN) is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles loaded with econazole nitrate (ECN loaded Ag-NPs) and to evaluate the in-vitro inhibitory activity of nanoparticles against various fungal species. The Ag-NPs are synthesized using a chemical reduction method, utilizing trisodium citrate as a stabilizing and reducing agent. Different amounts of ECN were loaded onto the nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance peak was at 433 nm. FT-IR studies confirmed C-O and N = O chemical bonds in ECN-formed bonds with Ag-NPs. The ECN loaded Ag-NPs were spherical and crystalline in nature, with a size of 51.8 nm. The polydispersity index was 0.342 and a zeta potential value of -29.4. Antifungal activity of blank and loaded Ag-NPs is tested against four different strains: Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and Malassezia furfur. The produced ECN loaded Ag-NPs exhibited a fungicidal effect with low minimal inhibitory concentration values. Ag-NPs and ECN exhibited synergistic effects. Additionally, it is observed that ECN-loaded Ag-NPs inhibited Malassezia furfur growth to a greater extent than that of Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata and to a lesser extent against Candida albicans. The broad-spectrum antifungal drug econazole nitrate, when combined with the antimicrobial and fungicidal action of Ag-NPs, exhibited great antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur.