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<p>Postharvest losses of grains range from 9% in developed countries to over 20% in developing regions worldwide and are mainly attributed to insect infestation during storage. The present study explored the insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitory activity of pure essential oil and essential oil-loaded chitosan nanoparticles of Lantana (<i>Lantana camara</i>) (LCsNPs) and wormwood (<i>Artemisia absinthium</i>) (WCsNPs) plants to control stored grain insects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were employed to characterize and confirm the EOs were appropriately loaded on CsNPs. LCsNPs and WCsNPs had spherical morphologies, with maximal particle diameters of 85.08 and 178.9&#xa0;nm, respectively. LCsNPs and WCsNPs exhibited loading efficiency of 5.21 and 6.39%, respectively, while encapsulation efficiency was 78.71 and 60.98%. LCsNPs had the highest insecticidal activity against <i>Sitophilus granarius</i>, with an LC<sub>50</sub> value of 12.54 μL/L. <i>Callosobruchus maculatus</i> and <i>Sitophilus granarius</i> insects were fumigated with <i>L. camara</i> and <i>A. absinthium</i> EOs and their essential oil-loaded nanoparticles, which enhanced the fumigant’s lethality and altered the chemical messenger by inhibiting the stored grain insects’ AChE function. Both LCsNPs and WCsNPs exhibited 24-h bursts of essential oils’ sustained release that further prolonged their efficacy.</p>

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Fumigant Toxicity and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Potential of Lantana camara and Artemisia absinthium Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Callosobruchus maculatus and Sitophilus granaries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月16日

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  • Asha Choudhary,
  • Raj Kumar Salar,
  • Rajesh Thakur

摘要

Postharvest losses of grains range from 9% in developed countries to over 20% in developing regions worldwide and are mainly attributed to insect infestation during storage. The present study explored the insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitory activity of pure essential oil and essential oil-loaded chitosan nanoparticles of Lantana (Lantana camara) (LCsNPs) and wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) (WCsNPs) plants to control stored grain insects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were employed to characterize and confirm the EOs were appropriately loaded on CsNPs. LCsNPs and WCsNPs had spherical morphologies, with maximal particle diameters of 85.08 and 178.9 nm, respectively. LCsNPs and WCsNPs exhibited loading efficiency of 5.21 and 6.39%, respectively, while encapsulation efficiency was 78.71 and 60.98%. LCsNPs had the highest insecticidal activity against Sitophilus granarius, with an LC50 value of 12.54 μL/L. Callosobruchus maculatus and Sitophilus granarius insects were fumigated with L. camara and A. absinthium EOs and their essential oil-loaded nanoparticles, which enhanced the fumigant’s lethality and altered the chemical messenger by inhibiting the stored grain insects’ AChE function. Both LCsNPs and WCsNPs exhibited 24-h bursts of essential oils’ sustained release that further prolonged their efficacy.