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<p>The global demand for clean energy is rising, driven by the need to address environmental concerns and align with UN-SDG 7, which promotes affordable and clean energy access for all. With fossil fuel depletion, solar energy has emerged as a key alternative due to its abundance, high capacity, and eco-friendliness. Solar energy is converted into electricity through photovoltaic (PV) technology, but its efficient use remains challenging as natural solar radiation is diffuse, erratic, and continuously variable. This article presents a comprehensive review of nature-inspired optimization techniques (NIOT) and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods applied to improve the performance of PV systems. Based on 111 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases (2015–2023), the review highlights that optimal sizing and site selection are critical for PV system efficiency, as they pose complex decision-making challenges. To address these challenges, recent studies suggest using two-stage frameworks, integrating MCDM with NIOT, for better results. This article aims to assist decision-makers and researchers in selecting the most effective techniques for PV system design and site location optimizations.</p>

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Nature-inspired optimization and multi-criteria decision-making in photovoltaic systems: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月29日

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  • Anuj Kumar,
  • Tina Sharma,
  • Sangeeta Pant,
  • Shshank Chaube,
  • Manoj K. Singh,
  • Ketan Kotecha

摘要

The global demand for clean energy is rising, driven by the need to address environmental concerns and align with UN-SDG 7, which promotes affordable and clean energy access for all. With fossil fuel depletion, solar energy has emerged as a key alternative due to its abundance, high capacity, and eco-friendliness. Solar energy is converted into electricity through photovoltaic (PV) technology, but its efficient use remains challenging as natural solar radiation is diffuse, erratic, and continuously variable. This article presents a comprehensive review of nature-inspired optimization techniques (NIOT) and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods applied to improve the performance of PV systems. Based on 111 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases (2015–2023), the review highlights that optimal sizing and site selection are critical for PV system efficiency, as they pose complex decision-making challenges. To address these challenges, recent studies suggest using two-stage frameworks, integrating MCDM with NIOT, for better results. This article aims to assist decision-makers and researchers in selecting the most effective techniques for PV system design and site location optimizations.