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<p>Efficient clean energy generation and storage is a challenge for the world. Multi-generation systems with hydrogen, power, and cooling could be a sustainable solution for small-scale industries and residential buildings. The scope of this study is to develop a system of hydrogen production, along with multiple outputs to provide power and utility solutions for residential and small-scale industries under the prevailing weather conditions of Karachi, Pakistan (lat. 24.8607°N, long. 67.0011°E). The study focuses on the climatic conditions of Karachi, but the results apply to large areas of the South Asian subcontinent. Energy mix in Karachi is based on fossil fuels which are environmentally and economically less sustainable than solar energy. This study aims to specialize a system for Karachi and evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of deploying solar based energy application in small to medium scale applications. Initially in this paper, a review of various renewable energy technologies and their related challenges is presented. Then the design of a system to generate electric power, cooling, and hydrogen gas is discussed. A mathematical model consisting of energy balance equations has been developed, which are solved using EES (Engineering Equations Solver). The results are obtained through the solution of the mathematical model. Daily generation is composed of electric power 134.94 kWh/day, hydrogen 7.44&#xa0;kg/day, and cooling 1,121.65 kWh/day. The energy and exergy efficiencies are evaluated to be 22.5 and 8.3 percent, respectively. An economic analysis is performed and the levelized cost of energy is calculated as 0.07 $/kWh.</p>

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Performance analysis of solar-based multi-generation system with hydrogen production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月22日

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  • Haider Ali,
  • Yasir Anas,
  • Syed Ahmad Raza,
  • Muhammad Uzair

摘要

Efficient clean energy generation and storage is a challenge for the world. Multi-generation systems with hydrogen, power, and cooling could be a sustainable solution for small-scale industries and residential buildings. The scope of this study is to develop a system of hydrogen production, along with multiple outputs to provide power and utility solutions for residential and small-scale industries under the prevailing weather conditions of Karachi, Pakistan (lat. 24.8607°N, long. 67.0011°E). The study focuses on the climatic conditions of Karachi, but the results apply to large areas of the South Asian subcontinent. Energy mix in Karachi is based on fossil fuels which are environmentally and economically less sustainable than solar energy. This study aims to specialize a system for Karachi and evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of deploying solar based energy application in small to medium scale applications. Initially in this paper, a review of various renewable energy technologies and their related challenges is presented. Then the design of a system to generate electric power, cooling, and hydrogen gas is discussed. A mathematical model consisting of energy balance equations has been developed, which are solved using EES (Engineering Equations Solver). The results are obtained through the solution of the mathematical model. Daily generation is composed of electric power 134.94 kWh/day, hydrogen 7.44 kg/day, and cooling 1,121.65 kWh/day. The energy and exergy efficiencies are evaluated to be 22.5 and 8.3 percent, respectively. An economic analysis is performed and the levelized cost of energy is calculated as 0.07 $/kWh.