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<p>This study investigates the influence of boron incorporation on apatite–wollastonite (AW) coatings deposited on titanium substrates. Boron-modified AW coatings with varying compositions were fabricated and heat treated at 800&#xa0;°C to improve coating densification and interfacial integrity, followed by systematic evaluation of their microstructural evolution, scratch response, corrosion performance, and surface wettability. Increasing boron content promoted coating densification, resulting in reduced apparent porosity and improved structural cohesion. Scratch testing under progressive loading revealed enhanced coating retention and a more stable friction response, particularly for the AW/B0.15 composition. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution showed a systematic decrease in corrosion current density with increasing boron content, indicating improved barrier properties. Wettability analysis demonstrated reduced water contact angles and increased surface energy, with AW/B0.15 exhibiting the lowest contact angle (53.9°) and highest surface energy (51.96 mN/m). The results establish a clear composition–microstructure–performance relationship, demonstrating that controlled boron incorporation enhances the mechanical stability and electrochemical resistance of AW coatings on titanium.</p>

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Boron-Modified Apatite–Wollastonite Coatings on Titanium: Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月18日

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  • Eren Yılmaz,
  • Necati Koçak,
  • Nuri Ergin,
  • Serbülent Türk,
  • Fatih Çalışkan,
  • Azim Gökçe

摘要

This study investigates the influence of boron incorporation on apatite–wollastonite (AW) coatings deposited on titanium substrates. Boron-modified AW coatings with varying compositions were fabricated and heat treated at 800 °C to improve coating densification and interfacial integrity, followed by systematic evaluation of their microstructural evolution, scratch response, corrosion performance, and surface wettability. Increasing boron content promoted coating densification, resulting in reduced apparent porosity and improved structural cohesion. Scratch testing under progressive loading revealed enhanced coating retention and a more stable friction response, particularly for the AW/B0.15 composition. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution showed a systematic decrease in corrosion current density with increasing boron content, indicating improved barrier properties. Wettability analysis demonstrated reduced water contact angles and increased surface energy, with AW/B0.15 exhibiting the lowest contact angle (53.9°) and highest surface energy (51.96 mN/m). The results establish a clear composition–microstructure–performance relationship, demonstrating that controlled boron incorporation enhances the mechanical stability and electrochemical resistance of AW coatings on titanium.