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<p>Additive manufacturing (AM) constructs parts layer by layer, with wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) becoming a key technique for producing metal components. SS308L, an austenitic stainless-steel alloy, is widely used in aerospace, automotive and food/pharmaceutical industries due to its excellent mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and exceptional corrosion resistance. This study investigates the effects of process parameters on the geometric features of SS308L austenitic stainless-steel components fabricated via WAAM employing the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. For this study, 27 metallic preforms were fabricated under varying process parameters based on a design of experiments (DoE). The GMAW process enabled controlled metal transfer, generating a rapidly solidifying weld pool ideal for producing WAAM-built components. Among the tested parameters, the combination of a 401&#xa0;mm/min torch travel speed and 5&#xa0;m/min wire feed speed demonstrated optimal results, producing preforms with improved visual quality, defect-free internal structure, and a fine-grained microstructure.</p>

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Optimization of Process Parameters for WAAM of SS308L: A Box-Behnken Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Basant Kumar,
  • Sandeep Rathee,
  • Sheikh Nazir Ahmed

摘要

Additive manufacturing (AM) constructs parts layer by layer, with wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) becoming a key technique for producing metal components. SS308L, an austenitic stainless-steel alloy, is widely used in aerospace, automotive and food/pharmaceutical industries due to its excellent mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and exceptional corrosion resistance. This study investigates the effects of process parameters on the geometric features of SS308L austenitic stainless-steel components fabricated via WAAM employing the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. For this study, 27 metallic preforms were fabricated under varying process parameters based on a design of experiments (DoE). The GMAW process enabled controlled metal transfer, generating a rapidly solidifying weld pool ideal for producing WAAM-built components. Among the tested parameters, the combination of a 401 mm/min torch travel speed and 5 m/min wire feed speed demonstrated optimal results, producing preforms with improved visual quality, defect-free internal structure, and a fine-grained microstructure.