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<p>This study presents, for the first time, the cytotoxicity assessment of borided AISI 316L stainless steel, treated via a novel pulsed-DC powder-pack boriding (PDCPB) process, when in contact with human fetal osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) and macrophage (THP-1) cell lines. The FeB–Fe<sub>2</sub>B bilayer on the steel surface was evaluated through both direct and indirect contact cytotoxicity tests in accordance with ISO 10993-5 standard, over exposure times of 24&#xa0;h and 72&#xa0;h. The results revealed high cell viability (~ 90%) in all cases, indicating that the boride layer is non-cytotoxic. Notably, hFOB 1.19 cells showed strong affinity and adhesion to the borided surfaces, with well-defined morphologies and dimensions ranging from 75 to 165&#xa0;µm (longitudinal) and 51–65&#xa0;µm (transversal). This confirms that the boride layer supports osteoblastic cell attachment and spreading. PDCPB-treated AISI 316L steel holds great promise as a biocompatible surface for orthopedic and implant applications, combining mechanical enhancement with biological safety.</p>

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Assessing the Biocompatibility of Borided AISI 316L Steel with hFOB 1.19 and THP-1 Cell Lines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • E. J. Hernández-Ramírez,
  • I. Mejía-Caballero,
  • L. E. Castillo-Vela,
  • A. D. Contla-Pacheco,
  • R. Pérez-Pasten-Borja,
  • M. Palomar-Pardavé,
  • J. J. Chanona-Pérez,
  • M. J. Perea-Flores,
  • I. Campos-Silva

摘要

This study presents, for the first time, the cytotoxicity assessment of borided AISI 316L stainless steel, treated via a novel pulsed-DC powder-pack boriding (PDCPB) process, when in contact with human fetal osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) and macrophage (THP-1) cell lines. The FeB–Fe2B bilayer on the steel surface was evaluated through both direct and indirect contact cytotoxicity tests in accordance with ISO 10993-5 standard, over exposure times of 24 h and 72 h. The results revealed high cell viability (~ 90%) in all cases, indicating that the boride layer is non-cytotoxic. Notably, hFOB 1.19 cells showed strong affinity and adhesion to the borided surfaces, with well-defined morphologies and dimensions ranging from 75 to 165 µm (longitudinal) and 51–65 µm (transversal). This confirms that the boride layer supports osteoblastic cell attachment and spreading. PDCPB-treated AISI 316L steel holds great promise as a biocompatible surface for orthopedic and implant applications, combining mechanical enhancement with biological safety.