<p>The precise control of the chemical composition of sintered ore is crucial for ensuring efficient blast furnace smelting and maintaining the stability of hot metal quality. However, the online detection and control of composition encounter several challenges, including substantial raw material volatility, intricate process flows, and considerable system lag. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the advancements in sintering process composition detection technologies, such as prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), as well as composition prediction methods, including both mechanistic and data-driven models. Additionally, it summarizes the primary approaches utilized for controlling the chemical composition in sintering process. This paper also proposes future research directions focused on developing low-latency closed-loop control systems to provide a technical reference for overcoming the limitations of traditional processes and advancing the transformation of sintering production toward greater intelligence and reduced carbon emissions.</p>