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<p>A critical concern in Gurdaspur district, which shares transboundary aquifers with Pakistan, is the imbalance between groundwater extraction and availability. The gross groundwater draft (2082.08 MCM) exceeds the net groundwater availability (1837.41 MCM), resulting in an overdraft of 244.67 MCM. This alarming groundwater deficit necessitates immediate and prioritised attention. To address this issue, an integrated approach using Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS), and Multi-Criteria Decision Making-Analytical Hierarchical Process (MCDM-AHP) techniques was employed to identify the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) of Gurdaspur district. For this purpose, eight thematic layers namely geomorphology, rainfall, soil, groundwater level, land use land cover, elevation, slope and drainage density were generated, analysed and weighted according to their impact on groundwater occurrence. By integrating these thematic layers in GIS, a groundwater potential map was generated, classifying the area into four GWPZs: very high, high, medium and low zones. The results revealed that very high and high groundwater potential zones were concentrated in the floodplains of the River Ravi, River Beas, and their adjoining areas due to favourable hydrogeological conditions such as high recharge potential and alluvial deposits. Conversely, poor groundwater potential zones were identified in areas with deeper groundwater levels, limited recharge capacity, and increased anthropogenic stress. Validation using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) analysis revealed that AHP method achieved an AUC of 86%, indicating very good predictive accuracy. The insights from this research will also serve as a valuable reference for future studies on groundwater extraction, management, and conservation in the region.</p>

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Assessing groundwater potential for sustainable development in the transboundary aquifers of River Ravi, India: an integrated geospatial and AHP approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Ashima Awasthi,
  • Madhuri S. Rishi

摘要

A critical concern in Gurdaspur district, which shares transboundary aquifers with Pakistan, is the imbalance between groundwater extraction and availability. The gross groundwater draft (2082.08 MCM) exceeds the net groundwater availability (1837.41 MCM), resulting in an overdraft of 244.67 MCM. This alarming groundwater deficit necessitates immediate and prioritised attention. To address this issue, an integrated approach using Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS), and Multi-Criteria Decision Making-Analytical Hierarchical Process (MCDM-AHP) techniques was employed to identify the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) of Gurdaspur district. For this purpose, eight thematic layers namely geomorphology, rainfall, soil, groundwater level, land use land cover, elevation, slope and drainage density were generated, analysed and weighted according to their impact on groundwater occurrence. By integrating these thematic layers in GIS, a groundwater potential map was generated, classifying the area into four GWPZs: very high, high, medium and low zones. The results revealed that very high and high groundwater potential zones were concentrated in the floodplains of the River Ravi, River Beas, and their adjoining areas due to favourable hydrogeological conditions such as high recharge potential and alluvial deposits. Conversely, poor groundwater potential zones were identified in areas with deeper groundwater levels, limited recharge capacity, and increased anthropogenic stress. Validation using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) analysis revealed that AHP method achieved an AUC of 86%, indicating very good predictive accuracy. The insights from this research will also serve as a valuable reference for future studies on groundwater extraction, management, and conservation in the region.