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Introduction <p>Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) impact the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles, leading to pain and functional limitations. This study explores the prevalence and associations of etiological factors contributing to TMD.</p> Materials and Methods <p>A cross-sectional study of 100 patients (18–65&#xa0;years) was conducted at a tertiary care center using the 2015 Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Clinical assessments included pain, joint sounds, jaw deviations, and muscle tenderness, while etiological data were gathered through structured questionnaires. Statistical analyses with multivariate regression identified associations between etiological factors and clinical findings.</p> Results <p>Among 100 participants (46 males, 54 females), 93% reported pain, 42% exhibited joint sounds, and 65% showed jaw deviations. Psychological factors such as difficulty controlling anger (40%), depression (22%), and disturbed sleep (19%) were common. Biochemical factors included vitamin D deficiency (39%), while occlusal issues such as missing teeth (17%), bruxism (19%), and teeth attrition (27%) were noted. Facial trauma (21%) also contributed. Strong correlations were found between these factors and pain, joint sounds, and jaw deviations.</p> Conclusion <p>TMD’s multifactorial etiology underscores the need for multidisciplinary management addressing psychological, nutritional, and mechanical factors. Larger, longitudinal studies are recommended to optimize therapeutic approaches.</p>

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The common Clinical Characteristics and Etiology of Temporomandibular Disorder in a Tertiary Care Center: An Observational Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Hariram Sankar,
  • Babu Lal,
  • Shailendra Singh Rana,
  • Rajeev Kumar Mishra

摘要

Introduction

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) impact the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles, leading to pain and functional limitations. This study explores the prevalence and associations of etiological factors contributing to TMD.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study of 100 patients (18–65 years) was conducted at a tertiary care center using the 2015 Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Clinical assessments included pain, joint sounds, jaw deviations, and muscle tenderness, while etiological data were gathered through structured questionnaires. Statistical analyses with multivariate regression identified associations between etiological factors and clinical findings.

Results

Among 100 participants (46 males, 54 females), 93% reported pain, 42% exhibited joint sounds, and 65% showed jaw deviations. Psychological factors such as difficulty controlling anger (40%), depression (22%), and disturbed sleep (19%) were common. Biochemical factors included vitamin D deficiency (39%), while occlusal issues such as missing teeth (17%), bruxism (19%), and teeth attrition (27%) were noted. Facial trauma (21%) also contributed. Strong correlations were found between these factors and pain, joint sounds, and jaw deviations.

Conclusion

TMD’s multifactorial etiology underscores the need for multidisciplinary management addressing psychological, nutritional, and mechanical factors. Larger, longitudinal studies are recommended to optimize therapeutic approaches.