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<p>This study characterizes ignited and combusted particles of CuFeS<sub>2</sub> under simulated flash smelting in highly oxidative conditions by visualizing simultaneous variations in particle temperature and morphology within a 1&#xa0;ms period. A CuFeS<sub>2</sub> ore was pulverized in an inert gas atmosphere, and the powder sample (0.5&#xa0;g, diameter &lt; 75&#xa0;µm) was heated under O<sub>2</sub> gas flow in a drop tube furnace. The ignited and combusted particles in the silica glass reaction tube were observed using a high-speed camera at intervals of 125&#xa0;μs. A two-color temperature analysis system converted high-speed images into temperature images. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) was used to characterize the raw material and its products. Two particle patterns were observed during ignition and combustion. The first pattern consisted of dropping spherical particles (particle A, average temperature: 1840–2260 °C). The second pattern consisted of spherical particles bursting and splitting into small fragments (particle B: average temperature: 2000–2130 °C). The amount of sulfur in raw material particles can determine the particle type: particle A (sulfur-poor) and particle B (sulfur-rich). Particles A and B constituted approximately 41% and 59% of the particles in the temperature images, respectively. Comparing the particle temperatures with those of mixture samples with CuFeS<sub>2</sub> and silica in a previous study, the particle A temperatures were 490–580 °C higher than those of the mixture sample with CuFeS<sub>2</sub> and silica.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Ignition and combustion of dropping CuFeS2 particles characterized by high-speed visualization using temperature image

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Nobuyasu Nishioka,
  • Mihiro Kawasaki,
  • Masaya Nakahara,
  • Hiromichi Takebe

摘要

This study characterizes ignited and combusted particles of CuFeS2 under simulated flash smelting in highly oxidative conditions by visualizing simultaneous variations in particle temperature and morphology within a 1 ms period. A CuFeS2 ore was pulverized in an inert gas atmosphere, and the powder sample (0.5 g, diameter < 75 µm) was heated under O2 gas flow in a drop tube furnace. The ignited and combusted particles in the silica glass reaction tube were observed using a high-speed camera at intervals of 125 μs. A two-color temperature analysis system converted high-speed images into temperature images. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) was used to characterize the raw material and its products. Two particle patterns were observed during ignition and combustion. The first pattern consisted of dropping spherical particles (particle A, average temperature: 1840–2260 °C). The second pattern consisted of spherical particles bursting and splitting into small fragments (particle B: average temperature: 2000–2130 °C). The amount of sulfur in raw material particles can determine the particle type: particle A (sulfur-poor) and particle B (sulfur-rich). Particles A and B constituted approximately 41% and 59% of the particles in the temperature images, respectively. Comparing the particle temperatures with those of mixture samples with CuFeS2 and silica in a previous study, the particle A temperatures were 490–580 °C higher than those of the mixture sample with CuFeS2 and silica.

Graphic abstract