Water drop impact on superhydrophobic concave surfaces with a circumferential ridge
摘要
This study numerically analyzes the bouncing dynamics of water drops on superhydrophobic concave cylindrical surfaces, with and without a circumferential ridge, using the volume of fluid method. The simulations reveal distinct retraction behaviors that depend on the Weber number and drop-to-cylinder diameter ratio. A transition between sequential and direct retraction modes is governed by the interplay of these parameters. The sequential retraction mode is characterized by delayed rim collapse and asymmetric retraction, leading to prolonged residence time. In the direct retraction mode, enhanced lateral momentum and unidirectional rim collapse lead to rapid drop detachment. Momentum evolution and flow field visualization confirm that the direct retraction mode is driven by axial retraction, resulting in a notable reduction in residence time. A theoretical model is developed to predict the retraction time, demonstrating that surface curvature and ridge-induced film splitting govern the post-impact dynamics. The findings offer insights into geometric control of rebound behavior, with implications for designing surfaces to minimize liquid residence time.
Graphical abstract