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<p>Structural properties strongly affect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and microbial activity during composting. We added biochar and wheat straw of different lengths to pig manure to further investigate these effects. Our findings reveal that the long-straw composting group (Group A) emitted lower GHG compared to the short-straw group (Group C). Compared with the long-straw groups (Group A and B), biochar addition increased GHG emissions by 6.09%. Compared with the short-straw groups (Group C and D), biochar decreased GHG emissions by 40.14% and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions by 54.04%. The structural equation model (SEM) indicated that oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) was a key mediating variable, directly enhancing bacterial (β = 0.41) and fungal diversity (β = 0.71), while moisture content (MC) affected fungal activity and CH<sub>4</sub> production through a dual pathway. This study investigated the synergistic effect of straw length and biochar addition, providing a theoretical basis for the engineering design of composting and the regulation of greenhouse gases.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Regulation Mechanism of Different Size Straw and Biochar Additive on Gaseous Emissions and Microorganisms During Aerobic Composting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Yufeng Chen,
  • Hongbo Zhang,
  • Xiang He,
  • Wei Luo,
  • Xueqin He

摘要

Structural properties strongly affect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and microbial activity during composting. We added biochar and wheat straw of different lengths to pig manure to further investigate these effects. Our findings reveal that the long-straw composting group (Group A) emitted lower GHG compared to the short-straw group (Group C). Compared with the long-straw groups (Group A and B), biochar addition increased GHG emissions by 6.09%. Compared with the short-straw groups (Group C and D), biochar decreased GHG emissions by 40.14% and CH4 emissions by 54.04%. The structural equation model (SEM) indicated that oxygen (O2) was a key mediating variable, directly enhancing bacterial (β = 0.41) and fungal diversity (β = 0.71), while moisture content (MC) affected fungal activity and CH4 production through a dual pathway. This study investigated the synergistic effect of straw length and biochar addition, providing a theoretical basis for the engineering design of composting and the regulation of greenhouse gases.

Graphical Abstract