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<p>To achieve the efficient synergistic utilization of multiple solid wastes including fly ash (F), slag (G), red mud (R), and carbide slag (C), this study systematically investigates the correlation among the macroscopic properties, microstructures, and hydration mechanisms of alkali-activated FGRC. FGRC specimens with different dosage combinations were prepared using a compounded alkaline solution, and a multidimensional investigation was conducted through the combination of compressive strength tests, GEMS thermodynamic simulations, XRD(X-ray diffraction), SEM-EDS(Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) micro-characterization, and chloride migration coefficient (RCM) tests. The results show that 50% fly ash, 30% slag, 15% carbide slag, and 5% red mud (FGRC3), exhibits the optimal performance, with a 28 d compressive strength of 40.57&#xa0;MPa and an RCM as low as 1.609 × 10<sup>−12</sup> m<sup>2</sup>/s; GEMS and XRD collaboratively confirm that the core product is C-(N)-A-S-H gel(C = CaO, N = Na<sub>2</sub>O, A = Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, S = SiO<sub>2</sub>), achieving the complementarity of quantitative prediction-qualitative verification; SEM-EDS analysis shows that a continuous and dense gel network ensures the performance, while free Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> will lead to loose structures; there is a significant negative correlation between RCM and hydration products, and the content of C-(N)-A-S-H gel dominates the impermeability. The established “mix proportion-phase-structure-property” correlation model in this study provides theoretical support for the engineering application of multi-solid waste-based cementitious materials.</p>

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Study on Microstructure and Hydration Mechanism of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash-Based Multi-solid Waste (FGRC)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Wei Liu

摘要

To achieve the efficient synergistic utilization of multiple solid wastes including fly ash (F), slag (G), red mud (R), and carbide slag (C), this study systematically investigates the correlation among the macroscopic properties, microstructures, and hydration mechanisms of alkali-activated FGRC. FGRC specimens with different dosage combinations were prepared using a compounded alkaline solution, and a multidimensional investigation was conducted through the combination of compressive strength tests, GEMS thermodynamic simulations, XRD(X-ray diffraction), SEM-EDS(Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) micro-characterization, and chloride migration coefficient (RCM) tests. The results show that 50% fly ash, 30% slag, 15% carbide slag, and 5% red mud (FGRC3), exhibits the optimal performance, with a 28 d compressive strength of 40.57 MPa and an RCM as low as 1.609 × 10−12 m2/s; GEMS and XRD collaboratively confirm that the core product is C-(N)-A-S-H gel(C = CaO, N = Na2O, A = Al2O3, S = SiO2), achieving the complementarity of quantitative prediction-qualitative verification; SEM-EDS analysis shows that a continuous and dense gel network ensures the performance, while free Ca(OH)2 will lead to loose structures; there is a significant negative correlation between RCM and hydration products, and the content of C-(N)-A-S-H gel dominates the impermeability. The established “mix proportion-phase-structure-property” correlation model in this study provides theoretical support for the engineering application of multi-solid waste-based cementitious materials.