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<p>Effective management of dairy manure and surplus milk remains a significant environmental challenge due to their high organic load, greenhouse gas emissions, and potential for pathogen dissemination. Therefore,&#xa0;valorization strategies that simultaneously mitigate waste while generating value-added products are urgently needed. Black soldier fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i>) larvae (BSFL) have emerged as a promising biological tool for converting organic waste into high-value biomass and frass. This study evaluated larval performance, specifically final weight, survivorship rate (SUR), bioconversion rate (BCR), and substrate reduction rate (SRR), of BSFL reared on dairy manure and milk mixtures, including&#xa0;manure only (M), manure with low milk (ML), and manure with high milk (MH), compared with the Gainesville diet (GV) and milk-supplemented Gainesville diets (GVL and GVH). The highest larval weights were observed in the GVH and GVL treatments, reaching 2.97 ± 0.03&#xa0;g and 2.92 ± 0.04&#xa0;g, respectively. Among manure-based diets, MH demonstrated relatively strong bioconversion performance, although survivorship declined under high-milk conditions. Substrate reduction was greatest in the Gainesville-based diets, however manure-based treatments still supported substantial waste conversion and larval development. Overall, these findings demonstrate that BSFL can effectively convert dairy manure and surplus milk into nutrient-rich biomass, highlighting their potential as a sustainable and circular strategy for dairy waste management.</p>

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Valorization of Waste Milk and Dairy Manure Through Black Soldier Fly Larval Bioconversion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Katayoun Pahlavanyali,
  • Amirhossein Mahdaviarab,
  • Ruiji Cheng,
  • Xiao Wang,
  • Mohammad Ruzlan Habib,
  • Hui Wang,
  • Zong Liu

摘要

Effective management of dairy manure and surplus milk remains a significant environmental challenge due to their high organic load, greenhouse gas emissions, and potential for pathogen dissemination. Therefore, valorization strategies that simultaneously mitigate waste while generating value-added products are urgently needed. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) have emerged as a promising biological tool for converting organic waste into high-value biomass and frass. This study evaluated larval performance, specifically final weight, survivorship rate (SUR), bioconversion rate (BCR), and substrate reduction rate (SRR), of BSFL reared on dairy manure and milk mixtures, including manure only (M), manure with low milk (ML), and manure with high milk (MH), compared with the Gainesville diet (GV) and milk-supplemented Gainesville diets (GVL and GVH). The highest larval weights were observed in the GVH and GVL treatments, reaching 2.97 ± 0.03 g and 2.92 ± 0.04 g, respectively. Among manure-based diets, MH demonstrated relatively strong bioconversion performance, although survivorship declined under high-milk conditions. Substrate reduction was greatest in the Gainesville-based diets, however manure-based treatments still supported substantial waste conversion and larval development. Overall, these findings demonstrate that BSFL can effectively convert dairy manure and surplus milk into nutrient-rich biomass, highlighting their potential as a sustainable and circular strategy for dairy waste management.