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<p>Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms under nutrient-limited, carbon-rich stress conditions. This study presents the first demonstration of <i>Paramecium caudatum</i>, a ciliated protozoan isolated from industrial wastewater, as a novel microeukaryotic candidate for PHA biosynthesis using sugarcane bagasse (SCB), an agro-industrial lignocellulosic waste, as a carbon source. SCB (4%) and glucose (3%) were incorporated under optimized conditions (25&#xa0;°C, pH 7) for 48&#xa0;h, with PHA accumulation visualized via Sudan Black B and Nile Blue A staining. Maximum yield was recorded for glucose (2.43&#xa0;g/L), closely followed by SCB (2.21&#xa0;g/L). Structural confirmation of the extracted PHAs was achieved through FTIR, GC–MS, and TGA analyses. Bioplastic films fabricated from these polymers exhibited plasticizing properties and complete degradation within 30&#xa0;days in soil burial tests. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed consistent expression of a ~ 63&#xa0;kDa PHA synthase across both carbon sources. This study introduces <i>Paramecium</i> as a low-cost, scalable platform for sustainable PHA production from lignocellulosic biomass, offering novel insights into eco-friendly bioplastic synthesis.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Bioconversion of Sugarcane Bagasse into Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Paramecium caudatum: A Protozoan Cell Factory for Lignocellulosic Waste Valorization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Tuba Arooj,
  • Itrat Zahra,
  • Ayesha Arshad,
  • Awais Ibrahim,
  • Ayesha Liaqat,
  • Roohi Ijaz,
  • Usama Shabbir,
  • Shahid Nawaz,
  • Ayesha Ghauri,
  • Bushra Muneer,
  • Nazish Mazhar Ali,
  • Montaser M. Hassan,
  • Amor Hedfi,
  • Manel Ben Ali,
  • Arslan Muhammad Ali Khan,
  • Michael J. Betenbaugh,
  • Abdul Rauf Shakoori,
  • Farah Rauf Shakoori

摘要

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms under nutrient-limited, carbon-rich stress conditions. This study presents the first demonstration of Paramecium caudatum, a ciliated protozoan isolated from industrial wastewater, as a novel microeukaryotic candidate for PHA biosynthesis using sugarcane bagasse (SCB), an agro-industrial lignocellulosic waste, as a carbon source. SCB (4%) and glucose (3%) were incorporated under optimized conditions (25 °C, pH 7) for 48 h, with PHA accumulation visualized via Sudan Black B and Nile Blue A staining. Maximum yield was recorded for glucose (2.43 g/L), closely followed by SCB (2.21 g/L). Structural confirmation of the extracted PHAs was achieved through FTIR, GC–MS, and TGA analyses. Bioplastic films fabricated from these polymers exhibited plasticizing properties and complete degradation within 30 days in soil burial tests. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed consistent expression of a ~ 63 kDa PHA synthase across both carbon sources. This study introduces Paramecium as a low-cost, scalable platform for sustainable PHA production from lignocellulosic biomass, offering novel insights into eco-friendly bioplastic synthesis.

Graphical Abstract