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<p>Microbial oils are regarded as a sustainable alternative to petroderived chemicals. The most used carbon sources for microbial oils production are sugar-based feedstocks, which involve high production cost and limited substrate. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) arise as a novel alternative to replace sugars for microbial lipid production. Even tough microalgae and oleaginous yeasts have been reported to accumulate intracellular lipid bodies, the use of VFAs as carbon source for oil production is still poorly studied. To elucidate the ability of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i>, microalgal and yeast strain, respectively, for lipids accumulation using VFAs as carbon sources, those microorganisms were cultivated as single microorganisms and in consortium. The results showed that biomass concentration and lipid content depend on digestate composition, mainly on the C/N ratio and VFAs profile. A high C/N ratio (163.9) stimulated the lipid accumulation for the microbial consortium, and a low C/N ratio (11.3) favoured microbial growth in the three cultures evaluated. The highest lipid content was achieved with the microbial consortium (44.8% w/w). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the lipid fraction was directly related to acetic acid (HAc) consumption for the microbial consortium. Conversely, propionic acid (HPro) consumption was associated with carbohydrate synthesis, while valeric (HVal) and butyric (HBu) acids consumption favoured protein synthesis in co-cultivation. This study showed a direct link between the VFAs distribution profile used as a carbon source with the ability of microalgae-yeast consortium to accumulate different biomass macromolecules.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Microbial Oil Production from Volatile Fatty Acids-Rich Waste Streams as a Low-Cost Carbon Source for Microalgae-Yeast Co-Cultivation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Marcela Levío-Raimán,
  • Mihai Lucian Lomanar,
  • Cristina González-Fernández

摘要

Microbial oils are regarded as a sustainable alternative to petroderived chemicals. The most used carbon sources for microbial oils production are sugar-based feedstocks, which involve high production cost and limited substrate. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) arise as a novel alternative to replace sugars for microbial lipid production. Even tough microalgae and oleaginous yeasts have been reported to accumulate intracellular lipid bodies, the use of VFAs as carbon source for oil production is still poorly studied. To elucidate the ability of Chlorella vulgaris and Yarrowia lipolytica, microalgal and yeast strain, respectively, for lipids accumulation using VFAs as carbon sources, those microorganisms were cultivated as single microorganisms and in consortium. The results showed that biomass concentration and lipid content depend on digestate composition, mainly on the C/N ratio and VFAs profile. A high C/N ratio (163.9) stimulated the lipid accumulation for the microbial consortium, and a low C/N ratio (11.3) favoured microbial growth in the three cultures evaluated. The highest lipid content was achieved with the microbial consortium (44.8% w/w). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the lipid fraction was directly related to acetic acid (HAc) consumption for the microbial consortium. Conversely, propionic acid (HPro) consumption was associated with carbohydrate synthesis, while valeric (HVal) and butyric (HBu) acids consumption favoured protein synthesis in co-cultivation. This study showed a direct link between the VFAs distribution profile used as a carbon source with the ability of microalgae-yeast consortium to accumulate different biomass macromolecules.

Graphical Abstract