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<p>This study reports the valorization of <i>Sesamum indicum</i> agricultural waste for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Sesamum indicum</i> ash water extract (<i>SIAWE</i>). Rich in phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, <i>SIAWE</i> served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent, enabling nanoparticle formation without toxic chemicals or any pH adjustment. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical, crystalline, and well-dispersed, with an average size of approximately 47–50&#xa0;nm and a zeta potential of –&#xa0;29.5&#xa0;mV, indicating high colloidal stability. They exhibited strong anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells (over 95% inhibition at 100&#xa0;µg/mL). The AgNPs also showed significant antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, potent antifungal effects against <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, and efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under sunlight. The synthesis integrates ethnobotanical knowledge to produce functional nanomaterials, using a traditional food additive called “<i>Khar</i>” in Assam, India, since ancient times. The “<i>Khar</i>” is a water extract of the ash prepared from post-harvest plants like <i>Sesamum indicum, Musa Balbisiana Colla</i>, <i>Vigna Mungo</i> and <i>Brassica nigra</i>. This approach not only addresses agricultural waste management but also demonstrates a culturally rooted and sustainable route for developing bioactive nanomaterials for biomedical and environmental applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Valorization of Sesamum indicum Agricultural Waste for Green Synthesis of Bioactive Silver Nanoparticles for Anticancer, Antimicrobial, and Photocatalytic Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月31日

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  • Deepjyoti Mazumder,
  • Debajani Das,
  • Sandeep Das,
  • Sudem Borgayary,
  • Pranjal Kalita,
  • Rishi Mittal,
  • Suresh K. Nath

摘要

This study reports the valorization of Sesamum indicum agricultural waste for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Sesamum indicum ash water extract (SIAWE). Rich in phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, SIAWE served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent, enabling nanoparticle formation without toxic chemicals or any pH adjustment. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical, crystalline, and well-dispersed, with an average size of approximately 47–50 nm and a zeta potential of – 29.5 mV, indicating high colloidal stability. They exhibited strong anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells (over 95% inhibition at 100 µg/mL). The AgNPs also showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, potent antifungal effects against Aspergillus niger, and efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under sunlight. The synthesis integrates ethnobotanical knowledge to produce functional nanomaterials, using a traditional food additive called “Khar” in Assam, India, since ancient times. The “Khar” is a water extract of the ash prepared from post-harvest plants like Sesamum indicum, Musa Balbisiana Colla, Vigna Mungo and Brassica nigra. This approach not only addresses agricultural waste management but also demonstrates a culturally rooted and sustainable route for developing bioactive nanomaterials for biomedical and environmental applications.

Graphical Abstract