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Purpose <p>The escalating volume of fish waste from consumption presents a significant environmental challenge globally. This study aimed to address this issue by converting marine fish trimmings into a valuable fish waste hydrolysate (FWH) for enhancing aquaculture production. Specifically, we investigated the efficacy of FWH as a plankton booster to mitigate the slow growth observed in the green chromide or pearl spot (<i>Etroplus suratensis</i>), a prized brackishwater cichlid. Our central research question was: Can FWH supplementation effectively enhance the growth and overall health of <i>E. suratensis</i> in an outdoor tank system?</p> Methods <p>A 90-day experiment was conducted in an outdoor tank system with <i>E. suratensis</i>. Seven treatment groups were established, each receiving different concentrations of FWH: 0&#xa0;ppm (control), 5&#xa0;ppm, 10&#xa0;ppm, 20&#xa0;ppm, 40&#xa0;ppm, 80&#xa0;ppm, and 160&#xa0;ppm. Growth performance was assessed by measuring Average weight gain, Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Average Daily Gain (ADG), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). Additionally, plankton abundance (phytoplankton and zooplankton), floc density, and various haematological parameters were monitored to evaluate the impact of FWH on the culture system and fish health.</p> Results <p>FWH supplementation, particularly at concentrations of 40&#xa0;ppm and above, significantly improved (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) the growth parameters (SGR, average weight gain, and ADG) of <i>E. suratensis</i> compared to the control and lower FWH doses. The 40&#xa0;ppm FWH treatment yielded the highest growth, resulting in approximately 35% increase in final body weight over the control. A dose-dependent increase in phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance was observed in FWH-supplemented treatments, which likely contributed to significantly higher floc densities. Furthermore, improvements in various haematological parameters indicated an enhanced health status for fish in the FWH-supplemented groups.</p> Conclusion <p>Supplementation with 40&#xa0;ppm FWH significantly enhances the growth of <i>E. suratensis</i>. This improvement is attributed to FWH acting as a plankton booster, leading to increased natural food availability and improved biofloc formation within the culture system. The positive effects on fish health, as evidenced by haematological parameters, further support the benefits of FWH. This sustainable approach to utilizing fish waste not only addresses environmental concerns but also holds the potential to significantly increase profitability for <i>E. suratensis</i> farmers.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Biowaste to Biomass: Fish Waste Hydrolysate Enhances Growth and Health of Pearl Spot, Etroplus Suratensis in a Brackishwater Culture System

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • K. P. Sandeep,
  • Debasis De,
  • J. Raymond Jani Angel,
  • T. Sivaramakrishnan,
  • R. Ananda Raja,
  • Dani Thomas,
  • P. Mahalakshmi,
  • K. Ambasankar,
  • M. Kailasam,
  • Kuldeep K. Lal

摘要

Purpose

The escalating volume of fish waste from consumption presents a significant environmental challenge globally. This study aimed to address this issue by converting marine fish trimmings into a valuable fish waste hydrolysate (FWH) for enhancing aquaculture production. Specifically, we investigated the efficacy of FWH as a plankton booster to mitigate the slow growth observed in the green chromide or pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis), a prized brackishwater cichlid. Our central research question was: Can FWH supplementation effectively enhance the growth and overall health of E. suratensis in an outdoor tank system?

Methods

A 90-day experiment was conducted in an outdoor tank system with E. suratensis. Seven treatment groups were established, each receiving different concentrations of FWH: 0 ppm (control), 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 80 ppm, and 160 ppm. Growth performance was assessed by measuring Average weight gain, Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Average Daily Gain (ADG), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). Additionally, plankton abundance (phytoplankton and zooplankton), floc density, and various haematological parameters were monitored to evaluate the impact of FWH on the culture system and fish health.

Results

FWH supplementation, particularly at concentrations of 40 ppm and above, significantly improved (P < 0.01) the growth parameters (SGR, average weight gain, and ADG) of E. suratensis compared to the control and lower FWH doses. The 40 ppm FWH treatment yielded the highest growth, resulting in approximately 35% increase in final body weight over the control. A dose-dependent increase in phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance was observed in FWH-supplemented treatments, which likely contributed to significantly higher floc densities. Furthermore, improvements in various haematological parameters indicated an enhanced health status for fish in the FWH-supplemented groups.

Conclusion

Supplementation with 40 ppm FWH significantly enhances the growth of E. suratensis. This improvement is attributed to FWH acting as a plankton booster, leading to increased natural food availability and improved biofloc formation within the culture system. The positive effects on fish health, as evidenced by haematological parameters, further support the benefits of FWH. This sustainable approach to utilizing fish waste not only addresses environmental concerns but also holds the potential to significantly increase profitability for E. suratensis farmers.

Graphical Abstract