<p>Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) treatment of food waste to produce crude protein can realize the dual benefits of food waste treatment and resource recovery. However, a techno-economic analysis of food waste treatment to produce crude protein with PSB is lacking. This study firstly carried out a techno-economic analysis of crude protein production from food waste treated with PSB. The factory was designed to be built in Tianjin (China) with a daily processing capacity of 100 tons of food waste. Carbon balance analysis showed that PSB can convert 90% of the organic carbon in the liquid phase into biomass without generating carbon-containing gases. Techno-economic analysis showed that the project can achieve full payback in 4 years of operation. The life-cycle net present value totaled ¥526,268,824 and the return on investment was 237.9%, indicating that the project had a high return on investment and high risk tolerance. Sensitivity analysis showed that net present value was sensitive to changes in the market prices of food waste treatment fees and waste oils. This study provides a new way for the resourceful treatment of food waste, and provides a theoretical reference for the large-scale treatment of food waste.</p>