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<p>Sawdust is the common lignocellulosic biomass produced during the process of planning mills and moulding plants. It is normally discarded in landfill areas, leading to dust and air pollution in nearby localities. Therefore, an efficient and practical approach is required to manage and revalorise sawdust to turn it into useful products. This article reports a solid-state fermentation (SSF)-based pretreatment strategy to convert sawdust into reducing sugars. Single and co-cultures of <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. A1 (A1) and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. B1 (B1) were inoculated on sawdust for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes. Then, the sawdust was degraded by the enzyme solution into reducing sugars. The lignocellulolytic enzyme activities from A1B1 co-culture were 1.7‒25.6-fold higher than those produced by single cultures, respectively. The fermented sawdust contained significantly lower lignin constitution but higher cellulose and hemicellulose content as compared to non-fermented sawdust. This suggests that A1 and B1 specifically target lignin degradation. The reducing sugar produced from the degradation of sawdust using co-culture crude enzyme extract was 1.9‒11.8-fold higher than those obtained from single cultures. Furthermore, the total reducing sugar released from degradation hydrolysate with A1B1 co-culture crude enzyme was 3.6‒85.4% higher as compared to the usage of commercial Celluclast solution. In conclusion, the SSF-based process was shown to be an effective strategy for on-site enzyme production and delignification of substrate for the subsequent enzymatic degradation step. This research presents for the first time the potential of a sawdust-based biorefinery process for the purpose of reducing sugar production.</p>

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Solid State Fermentation-Based Pretreatment of Sawdust for Reducing Sugar Production: the Role of Aspergillus sp. A1 and Bacillus sp. B1 Co-Culture

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Noratiqah Kamsani,
  • Zulkifly Mat Radzi,
  • Madihah Md Salleh,
  • Adibah Yahya,
  • Chun Shiong Chong

摘要

Sawdust is the common lignocellulosic biomass produced during the process of planning mills and moulding plants. It is normally discarded in landfill areas, leading to dust and air pollution in nearby localities. Therefore, an efficient and practical approach is required to manage and revalorise sawdust to turn it into useful products. This article reports a solid-state fermentation (SSF)-based pretreatment strategy to convert sawdust into reducing sugars. Single and co-cultures of Aspergillus sp. A1 (A1) and Bacillus sp. B1 (B1) were inoculated on sawdust for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes. Then, the sawdust was degraded by the enzyme solution into reducing sugars. The lignocellulolytic enzyme activities from A1B1 co-culture were 1.7‒25.6-fold higher than those produced by single cultures, respectively. The fermented sawdust contained significantly lower lignin constitution but higher cellulose and hemicellulose content as compared to non-fermented sawdust. This suggests that A1 and B1 specifically target lignin degradation. The reducing sugar produced from the degradation of sawdust using co-culture crude enzyme extract was 1.9‒11.8-fold higher than those obtained from single cultures. Furthermore, the total reducing sugar released from degradation hydrolysate with A1B1 co-culture crude enzyme was 3.6‒85.4% higher as compared to the usage of commercial Celluclast solution. In conclusion, the SSF-based process was shown to be an effective strategy for on-site enzyme production and delignification of substrate for the subsequent enzymatic degradation step. This research presents for the first time the potential of a sawdust-based biorefinery process for the purpose of reducing sugar production.