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<p>The present study has been carried out to valorize the by paddy straw (<i>Volvariella volvacea</i>) mushroom stalk waste (MSW) as supplemented diet for <i>Labeo rohita</i> to ameliorate the oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by herbicide penoxsulam (PNX). Fish were exposed to environmentally relevant (ERC) and sub-lethal concentration (SLC) of PNX for 30 days and were fed with basal and supplement diet containing 1, 2 and 4% of MSW. Oxidative stress was measured through lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in liver tissue while genotoxicity was measured in RBC through micronucleus test and comet assay. Increased level of oxidative stress but no genetic damage was observed in fish exposed to ERC of PNX and fed with basal diet. Whereas both increased level of oxidative stress and genotoxicity were noted in fish fed with basal diet and exposed to SLC of PNX. In fish that were exposed to either ERC or SLC of PNX but fed with experimental diets were found to have comparatively decreased levels of oxidative stress and genetic damage. This clearly indicates that the <i>V. volvacea</i> MSW supplemented diet has ameliorated the levels of oxidative stress and genetic damage in PNX exposed <i>L. rohita</i>. Bioactive compounds present in the MSW reduced the level of oxidative stress and genetic damage probably through free radical scavenging. Thus <i>V. volvacea</i> MSW can be used in fish feed formulations to maintain the antioxidant status and genetic integrity and also to solve the problem of MSW disposal from mushroom production farms.</p>

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Valorization of Paddy Straw Mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) Stalk Waste as Supplemented Fish Feed to Ameliorate the Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Induced by Herbicide Penoxsulam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Madhumanti,
  • Sushant Kumar Verma

摘要

The present study has been carried out to valorize the by paddy straw (Volvariella volvacea) mushroom stalk waste (MSW) as supplemented diet for Labeo rohita to ameliorate the oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by herbicide penoxsulam (PNX). Fish were exposed to environmentally relevant (ERC) and sub-lethal concentration (SLC) of PNX for 30 days and were fed with basal and supplement diet containing 1, 2 and 4% of MSW. Oxidative stress was measured through lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in liver tissue while genotoxicity was measured in RBC through micronucleus test and comet assay. Increased level of oxidative stress but no genetic damage was observed in fish exposed to ERC of PNX and fed with basal diet. Whereas both increased level of oxidative stress and genotoxicity were noted in fish fed with basal diet and exposed to SLC of PNX. In fish that were exposed to either ERC or SLC of PNX but fed with experimental diets were found to have comparatively decreased levels of oxidative stress and genetic damage. This clearly indicates that the V. volvacea MSW supplemented diet has ameliorated the levels of oxidative stress and genetic damage in PNX exposed L. rohita. Bioactive compounds present in the MSW reduced the level of oxidative stress and genetic damage probably through free radical scavenging. Thus V. volvacea MSW can be used in fish feed formulations to maintain the antioxidant status and genetic integrity and also to solve the problem of MSW disposal from mushroom production farms.