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<p>This study presents a novel bioremediation approach for microplastic removal using <i>C. vulgaris</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i> fungal pellets. The effects of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics on algal growth and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production were investigated. Results showed that microplastic presence, particularly PET, enhanced EPS production, promoting microplastic aggregation. Removal efficiencies were 55.7% for PP and 95.0% for PET. The addition of <i>A. niger</i> pellets at 3.5% (w/v) concentration improved microalgae and microplastic flocculation, removal efficiencies with <i>A. niger</i> pellets were 88 ± 0.010% for the control, 90 ± 0.031% for PP, and 94 ± 0.015% for PET, confirming the effectiveness of this bioflocculation approach. The control group without microplastics yielded 3,788 ± 3.535&#xa0;mg/L biomass, while with the addition of PP and PET microplastic resulted 4,982 ± 5.65&#xa0;mg/L, and 5,122 ± 8.48&#xa0;mg/L, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses confirmed the formation of hetero-aggregates of algae, EPS, and microplastics, with EPS playing a crucial role in binding microplastics. This study demonstrates that the combination of <i>C. vulgaris</i> and <i>A. niger</i> provides an eco-friendly, efficient method for microplastic removal, offering a promising solution to address microplastic pollution in aquatic systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Harnessing Chlorella vulgaris - Aspergilus niger Interactions for Effective Microplastic Removal in Aquatic Ecosystems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月22日

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  • Hadiyanto Hadiyanto,
  • Falvocha Alifsmara Joelyna,
  • Adian Khoironi,
  • S. Sudarno,
  • Joni A. Safaat,
  • Wahyu Diski Pratama,
  • Muhamad Maulana Azimatun Nur

摘要

This study presents a novel bioremediation approach for microplastic removal using C. vulgaris and Aspergillus niger fungal pellets. The effects of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics on algal growth and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production were investigated. Results showed that microplastic presence, particularly PET, enhanced EPS production, promoting microplastic aggregation. Removal efficiencies were 55.7% for PP and 95.0% for PET. The addition of A. niger pellets at 3.5% (w/v) concentration improved microalgae and microplastic flocculation, removal efficiencies with A. niger pellets were 88 ± 0.010% for the control, 90 ± 0.031% for PP, and 94 ± 0.015% for PET, confirming the effectiveness of this bioflocculation approach. The control group without microplastics yielded 3,788 ± 3.535 mg/L biomass, while with the addition of PP and PET microplastic resulted 4,982 ± 5.65 mg/L, and 5,122 ± 8.48 mg/L, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses confirmed the formation of hetero-aggregates of algae, EPS, and microplastics, with EPS playing a crucial role in binding microplastics. This study demonstrates that the combination of C. vulgaris and A. niger provides an eco-friendly, efficient method for microplastic removal, offering a promising solution to address microplastic pollution in aquatic systems.

Graphical Abstract